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Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Cholesterol Efflux Assay
Published on: March 6, 2012
HDL and Reverse Remnant-Cholesterol Transport (RRT): Relevance to Cardiovascular Disease
1National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Research Unit 1166, Faculty of Medicine Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases predominantly result from atherosclerosis, a natural biological phenomenon reflecting food intake and energy production in humans. Lipolysis of plasma triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs) by lipoprotein lipase (LPL) is an essential element of energy production that delivers free fatty acids to peripheral cells. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) plays a key role in this process by acquiring surface lipids, including free cholesterol, that are released upon TGRL lipolysis. According to the reverse remnant-cholesterol transport (RRT) hypothesis, such removal of cholesterol from remnant lipoproteins followed by transport to the liver and excretion into the bile represents a major biological function of HDL that is essential for energy production, and which can reduce cholesterol influx into the arterial wall by accelerating the removal of atherogenic TGRL remnants from the circulation.
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