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Estimation of the post-mortem interval using microRNA in the bones.

Joo-Young Na1

  • 1Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, 20, Geumo-ro, Mulgeum-eup, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine
|August 31, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Forensic science can utilize microRNAs (miRNAs) for estimating post-mortem interval (PMI), especially in decomposed remains. This study found that specific miRNA levels in bone tissue correlate with PMI, offering a new forensic tool.

Keywords:
BoneForensic pathologyMicroRNAPost-mortem interval

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Estimating post-mortem interval (PMI) is critical in forensic investigations.
  • Current PMI estimation methods are challenging with decomposed or skeletonized remains.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) exhibit stability, making them potential biomarkers in forensic science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of specific miRNAs (let-7e and miR-16) in bone tissue for estimating PMI.
  • To establish a correlation between miRNA expression levels and the post-mortem interval.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 71 patella bones from autopsies with PMIs ranging from 1 day to 2 years.
  • Quantified expression levels of let-7e and miR-16 using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
  • Utilized Ce_miR-39_1 as a spike-in internal control for normalization.

Main Results:

  • A negative correlation was observed between let-7e and miR-16 expression levels and increasing PMI.
  • Significant differences in miRNA expression were found between different PMI groups (A: <1 month, B: 1-3 months, C: 3-6 months, D: >6 months).
  • Expression levels of let-7e and miR-16 were significantly lower in longer PMI groups.

Conclusions:

  • Specific miRNA expression levels in bone tissue, particularly let-7e and miR-16, show promise for estimating PMI.
  • These findings suggest miRNAs as a viable tool for PMI determination in forensic investigations.
  • Further research with long-term PMI samples is recommended to validate these results.