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Deconstructing the relationships between self-esteem and paranoia in early psychosis: an experience sampling study
Manel Monsonet1, Thomas R Kwapil2, Neus Barrantes-Vidal1,3,4
1Departament de Psicologia Clínica i de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
The British Journal of Clinical Psychology
|August 31, 2020
Summary
Explicit self-esteem, not implicit, is linked to daily paranoia in individuals at risk for or experiencing psychosis. Anxiety and social support influence this relationship, offering insights for interventions.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Psychology
Background:
- No prior studies have explored the developmental link between self-esteem and paranoia during psychosis emergence.
- This research investigates self-esteem's dimensions and measures in relation to daily paranoia in at-risk mental states for psychosis (ARMS) and first episode of psychosis (FEP).
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between various aspects of self-esteem and daily paranoia in ARMS and FEP.
- To investigate the moderating roles of momentary anxiety and perceived social support on the self-esteem-paranoia relationship.
Main Methods:
- A multilevel, cross-sectional design was employed with 113 participants (74 ARMS, 39 FEP).
- Experience sampling methodology was used over seven days to assess momentary paranoia, self-esteem, anxiety, and social support.
- Trait and implicit self-esteem measures were also collected.
Main Results:
- Global momentary and trait self-esteem (positive and negative dimensions) correlated with daily paranoia in both ARMS and FEP groups.
- Implicit self-esteem showed no association with daily paranoia.
- Anxiety moderated the link between positive self-esteem and lower paranoia; social support (closeness and feeling cared for) strengthened this association.
- Feeling cared for specifically moderated the association between negative self-esteem and higher paranoia.
Conclusions:
- Different facets of explicit self-esteem are distinctly associated with paranoia in early psychosis stages.
- Contextual factors like anxiety and social support significantly influence the self-esteem-paranoia dynamic.
- Findings suggest potential targets for psychological interventions aimed at reducing paranoia in at-risk and first-episode psychosis populations.
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