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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...

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Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization

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Structured, Composite Nanoparticles from Emulsion Polymerization - Morphological Possibilities.

Donald Sundberg¹

¹Materials Science Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824 United States.

Biomacromolecules

|September 1, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Emulsion polymerization creates composite polymer nanoparticles with diverse morphologies. Understanding thermodynamic and kinetic factors is key to controlling these structures for advanced material applications.

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Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Emulsion polymerization has produced synthetic latexes for nearly a century.
Recent decades have seen development of composite nanoparticles with varied morphologies from phase-incompatible materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the scientific and engineering principles governing composite nanoparticle formation.
To demonstrate how thermodynamics and kinetics dictate particle morphology.

Main Methods:

Review of established emulsion polymerization techniques.
Analysis of thermodynamic equilibrium and kinetic limitations (reaction, diffusion).

Main Results:

Composite nanoparticles exhibit diverse structures: core-shell, occluded, multilobed, hollow, and mixed.
Control over morphology is achieved by balancing thermodynamic and kinetic factors.

Conclusions:

Emulsion polymerization is a versatile method for creating advanced polymer nanoparticles.
Understanding fundamental principles enables tailored nanoparticle design for specific industrial applications.