Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Isolation of Intrapulmonary Artery and Smooth Muscle Cells to Investigate Vascular Responses
Published on: June 8, 2022
Pharmacological studies pertaining to spasmolytic, bronchodilator and vasodilating effect of Typha domingensis: An
- Mouqadus-Un-Nisa1, Imran Imran1
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
Abstract:
This study was designed to analyze the pharmacological effects of Typha domingenesis crude 70% aqueous-ethanol extract of Typha domingensis (Td. Cr) in gastrointestinal, respiratory and vascular diseases. Rabbits (2.0-3.0 kg) and BALB/c mice (20-40 g) of local breed have been used as experimental animals using the established methodologies from literature with slight modification. The findings suggested that Typha domingensis caused complete relaxation of spontaneous and K+ (80mM)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit jejunum. Rightward parallel shift of calcium concentration response curves was observed. Typha domingensis exhibited relaxant effect on Carbachol (Cch)-induced contractions in isolated rabbit tracheal preparations. Furthermore, Typha domingensis caused relaxation of phenylephrine (1μM)- induced contractions in isolated rabbit aorta preparations. These effects were similar to verapamil, a standard calcium channel blocker. These findings could be the basis for explaining the spasmolytic, bronchodilator and vasodilator activities of the extract, through a possible calcium channel blocking activity.
Related Concept Videos
Antiasthma Drugs: Methylxanthines
Theophylline is thought to inhibit phosphodiesterase enzymes, increasing intracellular levels of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This rise in cAMP and cGMP concentrations stimulates cardiac function,...
Antihypertensive Drugs: Vasodilators
Antiasthma Drugs: β2-Adrenoceptor Agonists
One class of bronchodilators includes β2-adrenoceptor agonists. These agents target the β2-adrenoceptors located on bronchial smooth muscle cells. By stimulating these receptors, β2-agonists induce...
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Classification
Vasopressor or pressor agents: They increase blood pressure and function as cardiac stimulants. Examples include endogenous catecholamines (norepinephrine and dopamine) and synthetic agents (phenylephrine).
Bronchodilators: β2-agonists can relax bronchial muscles and widen airways. They are commonly used for treating obstructive pulmonary...
Antiasthma Drugs: Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists
Antimuscarinic agents compete with ACh for the same binding site on the muscarinic receptors. By binding to these receptors, they inhibit the downstream effects of ACh and block the parasympathetic...
Adrenergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses
Emergency and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) applications: Pressor agents increase blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility in shock and organ failure situations. Dopamine can induce vasodilation and stimulate adrenoceptors. Endogenous catecholamines are effective in treating cardiogenic shock. α2-agonists like clonidine can reverse anesthesia-induced hypertension.
Allergies and...

