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Related Experiment Video

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Reduced-gravity Environment Hardware Demonstrations of a Prototype Miniaturized Flow Cytometer and Companion Microfluidic Mixing Technology

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High intensity training during spaceflight: results from the NASA Sprint Study.

Kirk L English^1,2, Meghan Downs³, Elizabeth Goetchius⁴

¹University of Houston-Clear Lake, Houston, TX USA.

NPJ Microgravity

|September 1, 2020

Summary

New high-intensity, lower-volume exercise programs for astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) show promise. This training may help maintain fitness while reducing exercise time, crucial for long-duration spaceflight missions.

Keywords:

Outcomes research Physiology

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Area of Science:

Space Medicine
Exercise Physiology
Astronaut Health

Background:

International Space Station (ISS) exercise countermeasures have historically failed to fully preserve astronaut musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory fitness during long-duration spaceflight.
While recent missions have seen reduced losses, optimizing exercise protocols is key to freeing up astronaut time for other critical tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the effectiveness of a novel, integrated high-intensity/lower-volume exercise prescription compared to the standard ISS countermeasure.
To determine if the new program can maintain astronaut physical fitness with reduced time commitment.

Main Methods:

ISS crewmembers were assigned to either a Sprint (high-intensity/lower-volume) program or the standard ISS countermeasure program.
Key physiological measures including bone mineral density (DXA), muscle strength (isokinetic dynamometry), muscle function (cone agility test), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak) were assessed pre- and post-flight.
Mixed-effects modeling was used for data analysis with a significance level of P < 0.05.

Main Results:

Both groups experienced decreases in femoral neck bone mineral density, knee extensor peak torque, cone agility test performance, and VO2peak post-spaceflight.
The Sprint group demonstrated attenuated or no loss in these parameters compared to the control group in several instances.
No significant physiological differences were observed between the two exercise programs overall.

Conclusions:

While overall physiological outcomes were similar, the high-intensity/lower-volume Sprint program offers a time-efficient alternative for maintaining astronaut fitness.
This training approach should be considered an essential component of spaceflight exercise countermeasures to better prepare astronauts for physically demanding mission tasks.