Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport

Drugs must traverse multiple biological barriers, such as multi-layered skin, single-layered intestinal epithelium, and the plasma membrane, to reach their target sites within the body. The plasma membrane, a highly structured composite of phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, is the cell's protective boundary, facilitating selective substance exchange.
Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads oriented outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

Synthesis of Phosphatidylcholine in the ER Membrane

The ER synthesizes lipids for building cell membranes and performing cellular functions such as energy storage and signaling. The lipid synthesis machinery embedded in the ER membrane primarily collects all reactants from the cytosol. Following synthesis, the secretory pathway and the ER contact sites distribute these lipids to other cellular organelles. Additionally, the energy-rich triacylglycerides are transported from the ER via lipid droplets.
The major components of all eukaryotic cell...

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Permeability Enhancement

Body:After oral administration, poor permeability often limits the rate at which drugs are absorbed through the intestinal epithelium. Enhancing drug permeability is crucial for effective therapy, and several strategies have been developed to overcome this challenge.One effective strategy involves the use of lipid-based formulations. These formulations enhance dissolution and solubility, targeting physiological mechanisms to increase drug absorption. This includes stimulating bile salt...

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

Introduction to Membrane Traffic

The ER, Golgi apparatus, endosomes, and lysosomes work in tandem to modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids. An integrated membrane trafficking network facilitates the back and forth shuttling of molecules within different organelles in the same cell or across the cell membrane.
The transport of soluble and membrane proteins is mediated by transport vesicles that collect cargo from one cellular compartment and deliver it to another by fusing with the target organelle membrane. The Rab...

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Chloroplast-mimicking nanocapsules for sequential therapy of white spot.

Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials·2026

Same author

Correction: A silk fibroin-based hydrogel desensitizer achieving 660 µm dentin tubule occlusion for dentin hypersensitivity treatment.

Materials horizons·2026

Same author

Pathology and Transcriptomic Characteristics of Skin Lesions Induced by Mpox Virus in Rabbit.

Journal of medical virology·2026

Same author

Intelligent response hydrogel based on choline phosphorylated chitosan programmed repair of infected wounds.

Regenerative biomaterials·2026

Same author

Research advances on protein-based microneedles for treatment of skin diseases: A review.

Materials today. Bio·2026

Same author

Hypoxia-activated probiotic vesicle coating enables laminar-shear-protective angiogenesis and antibacterial effects in infectious bone defects.

Biomaterials·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier

Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier

Published on: February 8, 2017

Cell-Membrane-Targeted Drug Delivery System Based on Choline-Phosphate-Functionalized β-Cyclodextrin.

Ying Feng¹, Qiangwei Xin¹, Wanlin Zhang¹

¹College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, P. R. China.

Macromolecular Bioscience

|September 1, 2020

Summary

A novel choline phosphate (CP)-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (CP-β-CD) enhances drug delivery by improving solubility and cell uptake. This non-toxic system shows potential for targeted anti-angiogenesis therapies.

Keywords:

apatinib cellular uptake choline phosphate cyclodextrin zwitterionic

More Related Videos

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: February 9, 2019

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes

Published on: July 23, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier

Targeted Plasma Membrane Delivery of a Hydrophobic Cargo Encapsulated in a Liquid Crystal Nanoparticle Carrier

Published on: February 8, 2017

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: February 9, 2019

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes

Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes

Published on: July 23, 2016

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Drug Delivery Systems
Nanotechnology

Background:

Cyclodextrins are widely used in drug delivery but often suffer from poor water solubility.
Targeting cell membranes is crucial for efficient drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize and characterize a novel zwitterionic choline phosphate (CP)-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (CP-β-CD).
To evaluate the potential of CP-β-CD as a drug delivery system for hydrophobic drugs, focusing on solubility, cell uptake, and anti-angiogenesis activity.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of CP-β-CD via click chemistry.
Solubility studies of CP-β-CD and drug-loaded CP-β-CD.
In vitro cytotoxicity assays.
Evaluation of anti-angiogenesis activity using apatinib as a model drug.

Main Results:

CP-β-CD was successfully synthesized with significantly improved water solubility (816 mg mL⁻¹).
CP-β-CD demonstrated excellent cell-membrane targeting and enhanced cellular uptake.
Drug-loaded CP-β-CD exhibited potent anti-angiogenesis activity with no observed cytotoxicity.

Conclusions:

CP-β-CD is a non-toxic, highly water-soluble cyclodextrin derivative with superior cell internalization efficiency.
This novel material holds significant promise for developing advanced drug delivery systems, particularly for hydrophobic drugs targeting angiogenesis.