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Thermal Imaging of Root Caries In Vivo.

V Yang1, Y Zhu1, D Curtis1

  • 1University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

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|September 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

New thermal imaging and optical coherence tomography (OCT) methods can reliably assess root caries lesion activity. These techniques differentiate active, arrested, and sound root surfaces, improving clinical decisions for dental caries management.

Keywords:
active lesionsarrested lesionscaries diagnosislesion activitylesion shrinkageoptical coherence tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Dental Research
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Conventional methods for assessing root caries lesion activity lack reliability, hindering effective clinical decision-making.
  • Distinguishing between active and arrested root caries is crucial for appropriate treatment planning.
  • Arrested lesions exhibit a highly mineralized surface zone, influencing thermal properties during drying.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of thermal imaging and cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) for in vivo assessment of root caries lesion activity.
  • To determine if these novel methods can differentiate between sound, active, and arrested root caries surfaces.
  • To assess the potential of CP-OCT in identifying mineralized surface zones and shrinkage during dehydration.

Main Methods:

  • Thermal imaging (8-13 µm wavelength) monitored thermal emission from tooth surfaces during 30 seconds of air drying in 30 subjects with suspected active root caries.
  • Cross-polarization optical coherence tomography (CP-OCT) evaluated lesions during dehydration to identify transparent surface zones (arrested lesions) and detect shrinkage.
  • Thermal emission and CP-OCT data were compared between sound, active, and arrested lesion areas.

Main Results:

  • Thermal imaging revealed significantly different thermal emission patterns (P < 0.001) between sound, arrested, and active root caries surfaces.
  • CP-OCT identified distinct transparent surface zones in 10 lesions, indicative of arrested caries.
  • CP-OCT detected shrinkage during drying in 12 lesions, further characterizing lesion properties.

Conclusions:

  • Thermal imaging is a promising non-invasive technique for the clinical assessment of root caries activity.
  • CP-OCT provides valuable insights into lesion structure, including the presence of mineralized zones and dehydration-induced shrinkage.
  • These novel imaging modalities show potential for improved in vivo diagnosis and management of root caries.