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Arterial Thrombosis in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: A Rapid Systematic Review

Isaac Cheruiyot1, Vincent Kipkorir1, Brian Ngure1

  • 1Department of Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.

Annals of Vascular Surgery
|September 1, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Arterial thrombosis (AT) affects about 4% of critically ill COVID-19 patients, often causing symptoms and impacting multiple arteries. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and identify potential treatments for this condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Severe COVID-19 is linked to a hypercoagulable state, increasing risks of thrombotic events.
  • While venous thrombosis is documented, arterial thrombosis (AT) in COVID-19 patients requires further investigation.
  • This study consolidates existing evidence on AT in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize the current scientific literature on arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 patients.
  • To quantify the incidence and describe the characteristics of arterial thrombosis in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure.
  • Studies published between November 1, 2019, and June 9, 2020, were included.
  • Data from 27 studies involving 90 COVID-19 patients were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The pooled incidence of AT in severe/critically ill COVID-19 patients was 4.4%.
  • AT was symptomatic in over 95% of cases and affected multiple arteries in 18% of patients.
  • Common sites included limb, cerebral, and great vessel arteries, with a mortality rate of approximately 20%.

Conclusions:

  • Arterial thrombosis is a significant complication in approximately 4% of critically ill COVID-19 patients.
  • The condition is frequently symptomatic and can involve multiple arterial systems.
  • Further research into the mechanisms of AT in COVID-19 is crucial for developing targeted therapies.
Abstract

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