The clinical value of the changes of peripheral lymphocyte subsets absolute counts in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Immune function strongly influences the outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It's vital to understand the immune state of patients through detecting the percentage and number of lymphocyte subsets accurately, and helpful to evaluate conditions of prognosis and adjust treatment for patients.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study in First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China. The absolute counts and percentages of CD3+, CD3 + CD4+, CD3 + CD8+, B and NK cells were determined by single platform technologies. 172 patients received treatment including surgery or chemotherapy after surgery. The factors affecting disease progression were analyzed by Binary Logistic regression. Progression free survival (PFS) calculating survivals were with the method of Kaplan-Meier. The log-rank test and cox's proportional hazard regression (enter method) were used for univariable and multivariable analyses respectively.

Relative to normal controls, patients with NSCLC at different stages showed decreased absolute lymphocyte count obviously, rather than lymphocyte percentages. Different treatments had unlike influence on the homeostasis of lymphocytes and the effects last for a long time. Logistic regression showed CD3 + CD4+ and CD3 + CD8+ could contribute to favorable prognosis. Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors of PFS showed CD3 + CD4+ cell was independent factor for predicting PFS.

The absolute count of CD3+, CD3 + CD4+, CD3 + CD8+, B and NK cells were better indication of the patient's immune state than percentages of each lymphocyte subsets. Immune function was impaired in patients with non-small cell lung. The high level of baseline absolute CD3 + CD4+ cells count contributed to longer progression free survival. Chinese Clinic Trial Registry number: ChiCTR-IOR-17014139; Registry date: 2017/12/25.