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A life table is a statistical tool that summarizes the mortality and survival patterns of a population, providing detailed insights into the likelihood of survival or death across different age intervals within a cohort. By organizing data on survival probabilities and mortality rates, life tables offer a clear snapshot of population dynamics over time. They are extensively used in demography, public health, actuarial science, and ecology to analyze life expectancy, design health interventions,...
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Measurement of Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
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Intergenerational resource sharing and mortality in a global perspective.

Tobias Vogt1,2,3, Fanny Kluge2, Ronald Lee4

  • 1Population Research Center, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands; t.c.vogt@rug.nl.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|September 2, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Societies with greater public and private sharing generosity show longer average lifespans. This increased social support and connectedness appears to enhance survival rates by meeting needs and improving wellbeing.

Keywords:
intergenerational transfersmortality differencesprosocial behaviorresource sharing

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Anthropology
  • Sociology
  • Demography

Background:

  • Resource sharing is fundamental to human social structures and evolutionary success.
  • Societies have historically provided support for dependents and those facing hardship.
  • Modern societies also rely on social support networks for individual and collective wellbeing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between societal sharing generosity and average lifespan.
  • To determine if greater social support correlates with increased survival rates across diverse populations.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-cultural analysis of data from 34 countries across six continents.
  • Statistical examination of the correlation between public and private sharing metrics and average life expectancy.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive linear relationship was observed between sharing generosity and average lifespan.
  • Higher levels of societal support and care were associated with increased survival rates.
  • Sharing generosity may reflect social connectedness, which positively impacts health and wellbeing.

Conclusions:

  • Societies that exhibit greater generosity and social support tend to have longer-living populations.
  • Social connectedness, fostered by sharing, is a key factor in improving human health and survival outcomes.
  • Resource sharing plays a vital role in both the evolutionary past and present-day survival of human populations.