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Updated: Dec 10, 2025

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Feeding Behaviors in Infants With Prenatal Opioid Exposure: An Integrative Review

Kelly McGlothen-Bell1, Lisa Cleveland, Pamela Recto

  • 1Office of Faculty Excellence, UT Health San Antonio, School of Nursing, San Antonio, Texas.

Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses
|September 2, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Feeding behaviors in infants with prenatal opioid exposure (POE) show inconsistencies. This review synthesizes evidence on typical and problematic feeding behaviors in POE infants, highlighting differences in sucking and state regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal development
  • Infant feeding
  • Developmental pediatrics

Background:

  • Oral feeding is a complex infant maturational skill.
  • Feeding difficulties can prolong hospital stays, especially for infants with prenatal opioid exposure (POE).
  • Limited research exists on the feeding behaviors of POE infants, despite common feeding problems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and critically analyze existing evidence on feeding behaviors in full-term infants with prenatal opioid exposure.
  • To characterize typical and problematic feeding behaviors in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An integrative review of studies from 1970-2019 was conducted.
  • Databases searched included CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO.
  • Four studies met inclusion criteria for full-term POE infants (38-40 weeks gestation).

Main Results:

  • Inconsistent characterization of feeding behaviors was found among POE infants.
  • Evidence-based infant feeding behaviors were synthesized.
  • Behaviors were categorized into typical and problematic domains.

Conclusions:

  • Feeding behaviors, particularly sucking and behavioral states, may differ in POE infants.
  • Further research is needed on effective assessment methods.
  • Development of evidence-based, targeted interventions for POE infant feeding is warranted.
Abstract

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