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Astaxanthin targets PI3K/Akt signaling pathway toward potential therapeutic applications
Seyede Nazanin Zarneshan1, Sajad Fakhri2, Mohammad Hosein Farzaei2
1Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran.
Abstract:
The complex pathophysiological mechanisms behind destructive chronic conditions, including cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and hepatic failure urge the need for finding related pivotal dysregulated signaling mediators, as well as multi-target therapeutic agents. In the current study, critical roles of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway, as potential therapeutic targets in the pathogenesis of various diseases has been described. This pathway is also interconnected with several downstream inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic mediators, as dysregulated pathways in chronic diseases. Therefore, identifying novel multi-target agents to attenuate PI3K/Akt, thereby related downstream pathways, is of great importance. Astaxanthin (AST) is a multi-target lipid-soluble keto-carotenoid derived from the varieties of marine organisms, with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties through PI3K/Akt pathway. Nowadays, due to its high nutritional and medicinal value, research on AST is increasing. This review aimed to address PI3K/Akt targeted by AST in several diseases toward clinical applications.
Insights
Astaxanthin (AST) shows promise as a multi-target therapeutic agent by modulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway. This review explores AST
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Molecular Biology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Chronic diseases like cancer and diabetes involve complex pathophysiological mechanisms.
- The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathway is a critical signaling mediator implicated in various diseases.
- This pathway influences downstream inflammatory, oxidative stress, and apoptotic processes central to chronic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of the PI3K/Akt pathway as a therapeutic target in chronic diseases.
- To explore Astaxanthin (AST) as a multi-target agent that modulates the PI3K/Akt pathway.
- To discuss the potential clinical applications of AST in treating diseases linked to PI3K/Akt dysregulation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies investigating the PI3K/Akt pathway in disease pathogenesis.
- Analysis of research on Astaxanthin's biochemical properties and biological activities.
- Synthesis of evidence linking Astaxanthin's effects to the PI3K/Akt pathway and downstream mediators.
Main Results:
- The PI3K/Akt pathway is a significant target in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic conditions.
- Astaxanthin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic properties.
- Astaxanthin effectively modulates the PI3K/Akt pathway, impacting related downstream signaling.
Conclusions:
- Astaxanthin represents a promising multi-target therapeutic agent for chronic diseases.
- Targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway with Astaxanthin holds potential for clinical applications.
- Further research into Astaxanthin's therapeutic efficacy is warranted for various chronic conditions.
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