Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...

Master Transcription Regulators

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...

Nuclear Export

Nuclear Export

The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Vigorous Sports Participation and Plasma Lipids in Lean Adolescents: The Analysis of Behaviors of Children During Growth Study.

International journal of sports medicine·2026

Same author

Decrements in Neuromuscular Function Are Reduced Following Low-Load Continuous Blood Flow Restriction Exercise Compared With High-Load Resistance Exercise.

Journal of strength and conditioning research·2026

Same author

Patterns in exercise behaviour across pregnancy: a retrospective cohort study of physically active individuals from pre-conception to postpartum.

European journal of applied physiology·2026

Same author

Technical issues in exercise video consultations do not negatively impact exercise intensity for participants with complex chronic conditions: a retrospective audit.

Digital health·2025

Same author

Queensland Family Cohort Sub-Study: The effects of physical activity throughout pregnancy on maternal lumbopelvic musculoskeletal health.

Journal of science and medicine in sport·2025

Same author

Resilience And Healthy Lifestyle for Rheumatoid Arthritis (The RA-HEAL trial): a randomised, parallel group, placebo-controlled clinical trial protocol.

Trials·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) and exercise.

Alistair R Mallard¹, Jemima G Spathis², Jeff S Coombes¹

¹Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine

|September 2, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Exercise boosts the Nrf2-ARE pathway, crucial for antioxidant defense, in animal models. Human studies require more research to confirm these benefits and investigate age-related declines in Nrf2 response to exercise.

Keywords:

Antioxidant Exercise Nrf2 Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)Redox control Resistance exercise Review

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

Area of Science:

Exercise physiology
Molecular biology
Chronic disease management

Background:

Chronic diseases linked to inflammation and oxidative stress.
Exercise is a known anti-inflammatory strategy.
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulates antioxidant response.

Purpose of the Study:

Review literature on exercise and the Nrf2-ARE pathway.
Investigate acute and chronic exercise effects on Nrf2.
Explore Nrf2-ARE binding activity in response to exercise.

Main Methods:

Narrative review of 29 articles.
Analysis of studies in animal models and humans.
Examination of Nrf2 protein, mRNA, and binding activity.

Main Results:

Animal studies show exercise increases Nrf2-ARE pathway activity in all tissues.
Potential age-related decline in Nrf2 upregulation with exercise in animals.
Limited human data to support or refute age-related decline in Nrf2 response.

Conclusions:

Exercise positively impacts the Nrf2-ARE pathway, suggesting a mechanism for its health benefits.
Further human research is needed to validate findings and explore age-specific responses.
Exercise may be a key intervention for managing oxidative stress-related diseases.