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Malignant Priapism - What Do We Know About It?

Dragos Marcu1,2, Lucian Iorga1, Dan Mischianu1,2,3

  • 1Clinic of Urology, University Emergency Central Military Hospital "Dr. Carol Davila", Bucharest, Romania.

In Vivo (Athens, Greece)
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Malignant priapism (MP) is rare, often linked to penile tumors or blood cancers. Hematological malignancies offer better survival rates for MP patients due to treatment sensitivity.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Malignancy is a rare cause of priapism.
  • Malignant priapism (MP) can result from primary penile tumors, metastatic penile tumors, or hematological malignancies.
  • Non-urological penile metastases are associated with a worse prognosis than urological ones, with priapism further worsening outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of malignancy in priapism pathogenesis.
  • To compare prognoses based on the origin of penile metastases and type of malignancy.
  • To outline management strategies for malignant priapism.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of malignant priapism cases.
  • Analysis of prognostic factors including tumor origin and malignancy type.
  • Review of current therapeutic protocols for priapism and oncologic treatments.

Main Results:

  • Malignant priapism is uncommon, arising from various cancers.
  • Hematological malignancies associated with priapism show higher survival rates than non-hematological ones, owing to treatment sensitivity.
  • Most malignant priapism cases are ischemic.

Conclusions:

  • Malignant priapism requires a management approach similar to ischemic priapism, with added oncologic-specific treatments.
  • Prognosis varies significantly based on the type and origin of the malignancy.
  • Early recognition and tailored treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Malignant priapismhematological malignancypenile tumorsreview

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