Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain
08:23

Adaptation of Microelectrode Array Technology for the Study of Anesthesia-induced Neurotoxicity in the Intact Piglet Brain

Published on: May 12, 2018

9.8K

Long-term neurodevelopment outcomes of regional vs general anesthesia for infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy:

Tao Yuan1,2, Wenming Yang3, Lei Yang1,2

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology.

Medicine
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Regional anesthesia (RA) may offer better long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes than general anesthesia (GA) for infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy. This meta-analysis compares the neurodevelopmental impact of RA versus GA in infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
  • Surgical Anesthesia

Background:

  • The long-term neurodevelopmental effects of regional anesthesia (RA) versus general anesthesia (GA) in infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy remain a subject of debate.
  • This meta-analysis protocol is registered with INPLASY (registration number INPLASY202060064).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of RA with GA in infants undergoing inguinal herniorrhaphy.
  • To provide evidence-based guidance for anesthesia regimen selection in infant inguinal herniorrhaphy.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of multiple databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane, clinicaltrials.gov) for eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or quasi-RCTs.
  • Independent review by two researchers for study selection, data extraction, and quality/bias assessment.
  • Primary outcome: long-term neurodevelopmental state (2- and 5-year follow-up) using Bayley and WPPSI scales. Secondary outcomes include intraoperative immobility, surgery duration, anesthetic failure, and postoperative complications.

Main Results:

  • This section is to be populated upon completion of the meta-analysis.
  • Statistical analysis will involve calculating pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Conclusions:

  • This meta-analysis aims to synthesize current evidence on the neurodevelopmental impact of anesthesia choices for infant inguinal herniorrhaphy.
  • The findings will inform clinical decision-making regarding anesthesia selection for this common pediatric surgical procedure.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy03:14

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Success of Ultrasound-Guided Neuraxial Anesthesia in Cases with Difficult Anatomy

Published on: January 31, 2025

1.0K
Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity AIDN: A Translational Neuroscience Approach06:38

Use of a Piglet Model for the Study of Anesthetic-induced Developmental Neurotoxicity AIDN: A Translational Neuroscience Approach

Published on: June 11, 2017

11.6K

Related Concept Videos

General Anesthesia: Overview01:24

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...
459
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia01:29

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...
613
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
1.1K
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
947
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
469
Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects01:12

Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects

While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
665