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Elaboration of Screening Scales for Mental Development Problems Detection in Russian Preschool Children: Psychometric

Andrey Nasledov1, Sergey Miroshnikov1, Liubov Tkacheva1

  • 1Department of Pedagogy and Pedagogical Psychology, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/7 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This study developed rapid screening scales for 3-year-olds

Area of Science:

  • Child Psychology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Early detection of developmental problems is crucial for intervention.
  • Computer-based screenings are common globally but absent in Russia.
  • Need for rapid monitoring tools for 3-year-olds' mental development in Russia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate screening scales for rapid monitoring of mental development in 3-year-olds.
  • To adapt existing tools for the Russian context.
  • To establish psychometric properties of the new scales.

Main Methods:

  • A multifactor tool with 233 tasks was administered to 863 children (814 typically developing, 49 with developmental delay including autistic spectrum disorder symptoms).
  • Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were used for scale elaboration and validation.
  • Structural equation modeling refined the age-related structure of the scales.

Main Results:

  • Four screening scales were developed: Logical Reasoning, Motor Skills, General Awareness, and Executive Functions.
  • Scales demonstrated strong factor validity, reliability, and high discriminability between typically developing and delayed children.
  • Norms account for age in days, achieving over 90% accuracy in identifying at-risk children.

Conclusions:

  • The developed scales meet psychometric requirements for assessing 3-year-olds' mental development.
  • The scales can form the basis of an online screening system for widespread application in Russia.
  • This facilitates early identification and intervention for developmental delays.
Abstract

Keywords:
3-year-oldsASDconstruction of scalesdevelopmental delaymarkers of mental developmentscreening

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