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Renal effects of uric acid: hyperuricemia and hypouricemia

Jung Hwan Park1, Yong-Il Jo1, Jong-Ho Lee1

  • 1Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
|September 3, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Hyperuricemia and hypouricemia, both imbalances in uric acid (UA), are increasingly linked to chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review explores the complex relationship and potential treatments for UA imbalance in CKD.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Metabolic Diseases

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalence is rising globally.
  • The relationship between uric acid (UA) levels and CKD is debated: is it a cause or consequence?
  • Emerging evidence suggests UA imbalance plays an independent role in CKD development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dual role of uric acid (UA) in chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • To explore potential mechanisms linking UA imbalance to CKD.
  • To discuss therapeutic strategies for managing UA levels in CKD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of observational and experimental studies.
  • Analysis of literature on hyperuricemia and hypouricemia in CKD.
  • Synthesis of evidence on UA's role as an antioxidant and its association with oxidative stress.

Main Results:

  • Hyperuricemia is increasingly recognized as a potential independent risk factor for CKD.
  • Hypouricemia may also be associated with CKD, possibly due to UA's antioxidant properties.
  • Oxidative stress is a key factor in the UA-CKD relationship.

Conclusions:

  • Uric acid imbalance, both high and low levels, is significantly associated with chronic kidney disease.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of UA's impact on renal function is crucial for effective treatment.
  • Further research is needed to clarify UA's role and optimize treatment strategies for CKD.

Keywords:
HyperuricemiaHypouricemiaKidneyUric acid

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