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Structural analysis of pulsed magnets considering interface characteristics.

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High-field pulsed magnet designs must account for axial wire displacement, not just midplane stress. New finite element models reveal significant end displacement, crucial for preventing short circuits and insulation failure in pulsed magnets.

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Area of Science:

  • High-energy physics
  • Materials science
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • Traditional pulsed magnet design focuses on midplane stress, neglecting axial wire movement.
  • Recent high-field experiments show failures linked to short circuits at magnet ends, suggesting inadequate design considerations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an accurate finite element model for pulsed magnets that includes interface characteristics.
  • To analyze the impact of axial displacement and interfacial friction on magnet performance and integrity.

Main Methods:

  • A finite element model was developed to simulate pulsed magnets, incorporating contact status and interfacial friction between conductor layers and reinforcements.
  • Simulations were performed on a failed 95 T dual-coil prototype, comparing results with the original Pulsed Magnet Design Software (PMDS).

Main Results:

  • The model revealed that compression eliminates expected separations, reducing maximal von-Mises stress by approximately 600 MPa in inner reinforcement layers compared to former designs.
  • Simulations indicated a maximum axial displacement of up to 8 mm at the magnet end, posing a significant risk to insulation.

Conclusions:

  • Axial displacement at the magnet end is a critical factor that must be included as a design objective for pulsed magnets.
  • The developed finite element model provides a more accurate mechanical analysis, essential for preventing failures in high-field pulsed magnet experiments.