Three-dimensional finite element analysis of initial displacement and stress on the craniofacial structures of unilateral cleft lip and palate model during protraction therapy with variable forces and directions
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Author Spotlight: Development of a Novel Finite Element Analysis Model for Improved Orthognathic Surgical Techniques
Published on: October 20, 2023
Shahistha Parveen1, Akhter Husain1, Srinivas Gosla Reddy2
1Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Yenepoya Dental College, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:
Maxillary protraction and expansion is recommended to treat midfacial deficiency in patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP), where amount and direction of forces can change displacement and stress. This study assessed the initial displacement and stresses using Facemask and Maxgym forces with and without RME at +20∘, 0∘, and -20∘ angulation using a finite element (FE) model of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCCLP). The Initial displacement and stress were more for protraction with expansion as compared to only protraction. Asymmetric displacement was observed with more on cleft than on noncleft side and more on dental than skeletal structures. Palatal plane rotated less upward, increased arch width and decreased arch length was observed with protraction with expansion.
Related Concept Videos
Deformation of Member under Multiple Loadings
In the case of a member with a variable cross-section, the strain is not constant but depends on the position. The deformation of an...
Stress: General Loading Conditions
The shearing force, possessing potential directionality within the plane of the section, is simplified into two component forces running parallel to the x and y axes....
Transformation of Plane Stress

