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This study introduces a likelihood-ratio (LR) system for comparing gasoline traces in arson cases. The system effectively analyzes fire debris samples, providing reliable results even with degraded evidence.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Gasoline is frequently used as an accelerant in arson investigations.
  • Analyzing fire debris for gasoline traces presents challenges due to degradation and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the design and performance of a likelihood-ratio (LR) system for comparing gasoline traces.
  • To address the impact of burning and environmental exposure on gasoline analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a likelihood-ratio (LR) system for forensic gasoline comparison.
  • Statistical evaluation of the system's performance with varied sample conditions.

Main Results:

  • The LR system demonstrates well-calibrated results for diverse trace gasoline samples.
  • The system accounts for effects of pyrolysis, adsorption, and evaporation.
  • Rates of misleading evidence were below 3.5%.

Conclusions:

  • The developed LR system is a valuable tool for comparing gasoline profiles in forensic casework.
  • Despite experimental limitations, the system shows practical utility in arson investigations.