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Association between Cardiovascular Burden and Requirement of Intensive Care among Patients with Mild COVID-19
Shi Tai1,2, Jianjun Tang1,2, Bilian Yu1,2
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Insights
Cardiovascular conditions significantly increase the risk of severe disease progression in mild COVID-19 patients. Those with underlying CV issues were more likely to require intensive care, highlighting a critical vulnerability.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Limited data exists on how cardiovascular (CV) conditions affect COVID-19 progression in mild cases.
- Understanding this relationship is crucial for managing patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between pre-existing CV conditions and disease progression in patients with mild COVID-19.
- To identify if CV conditions are a risk factor for severe COVID-19 requiring intensive care.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 332 mild COVID-19 patients.
- Patients categorized based on presence of CV conditions and need for intensive care.
- Multivariable regression analysis to assess independent risk factors for intensive care admission.
Main Results:
- 14.5% of patients had CV conditions; 47.9% of these progressed to severe disease requiring intensive care.
- Patients with CV conditions were older and experienced more symptoms like fatigue and chest tightness.
- CV conditions were a significant independent risk factor for intensive care (OR, 2.652; P < 0.001).
Conclusions:
- Mild COVID-19 patients with underlying cardiovascular conditions face a higher risk of developing severe disease.
- These patients have an increased susceptibility to requiring intensive care.
- Identifying and monitoring CV conditions is vital for managing COVID-19 patients.
Background:
Information regarding the impact of cardiovascular (CV) conditions on disease progression among patients with mild coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is limited.
Methods:
This study evaluated the association of underlying CV conditions with disease progression in patients with mild COVID-19. The primary outcome was the need to be transferred to the designated hospital for intensive care due to COVID-19 disease progression. The patients were divided into with and without CV conditions as well as stable and intensive care groups.
Results:
Of the 332 patients with mild COVID-19, the median age was 51 years (IQR, 40-59 years), and 200 (61.2%) were female. Of the 48 (14.5%) patients with CV conditions, 23 (47.9%) progressed to severe disease status and required intensive care. Compared with patients without CV conditions, patients with CV conditions were older and more likely to have fatigue, chest tightness, and myalgia. The rate of requiring intensive care was significantly higher among patients with CV conditions than in patients without CV conditions (47.92% vs. 12.4%; P < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the rate of requiring intensive care was also higher among patients with either hypertension or coronary heart disease (CHD) than in patients without hypertension or CHD. The multivariable regression model showed that CV condition served as an independent risk factor for intensive care (odds ratio (OR), 2.652 (95% CI, 1.019-6.899)) after adjustment for various cofounders.
Conclusions:
Patients with mild COVID-19 complicating CV conditions are susceptible to develop severe disease status and requirement for intensive care.
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