Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon01:21

Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon

2.5K
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
2.5K
Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy01:12

Interaction of EM Radiation with Matter: Spectroscopy

2.8K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation can be considered an oscillating electric and magnetic field propagating through a medium that can interact with matter in its path. The electric field in the radiation can interact with electrical charges in the atoms or molecules in the matter. On the other hand, the magnetic field can interact with the magnetic field in the atomic nucleus. The study of the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and matter is termed spectroscopy. Spectroscopy is the study...
2.8K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

494
In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
494
Detection of Black Holes01:10

Detection of Black Holes

2.4K
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
2.4K
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

20.2K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
20.2K
Nuclear Fusion02:45

Nuclear Fusion

33.4K
The process of converting very light nuclei into heavier nuclei is also accompanied by the conversion of mass into large amounts of energy, a process called fusion. The principal source of energy in the sun is a net fusion reaction in which four hydrogen nuclei fuse and ultimately produce one helium nucleus and two positrons.
A helium nucleus has a mass that is 0.7% less than that of four hydrogen nuclei; this lost mass is converted into energy during the fusion. This reaction produces about...
33.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A dust-enshrouded tidal disruption event with a resolved radio jet in a galaxy merger.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2018
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
11:20

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Published on: July 2, 2012

15.4K

Supernovae and transients with circumstellar interaction.

Morgan Fraser1

  • 1School of Physics, O'Brien Centre for Science North, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.

Royal Society Open Science
|September 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Thirty years of research reveal circumstellar material (CSM) interaction in supernovae. This review classifies various interacting transients, from electron-capture supernovae to luminous events, providing a phenomenological framework.

Keywords:
mass lossmassive starssupernovae

More Related Videos

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.8K
Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

10.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses
11:20

Investigation of Early Plasma Evolution Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses

Published on: July 2, 2012

15.4K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.8K
Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

10.8K

Area of Science:

  • * Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • * Transient Events
  • * Supernova Physics

Background:

  • * The first signatures of circumstellar material (CSM) interaction in core-collapse supernovae were observed 30 years ago.
  • * CSM interaction is a common phenomenon observed across a spectrum of stellar explosions.
  • * These interactions range from low-energy electron-capture supernovae to highly energetic superluminous supernovae.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To provide a comprehensive overview of observed interacting supernovae and transients.
  • * To classify and group these diverse events into a coherent phenomenological framework.
  • * To synthesize current understanding of CSM interaction in stellar explosions.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of observational data and theoretical inferences of interacting transients.
  • * Phenomenological classification based on observed characteristics.
  • * Grouping of events to identify common and distinct properties.

Main Results:

  • * A wide range of transients exhibit signatures of CSM interaction.
  • * Events span from electron-capture supernovae to superluminous supernovae.
  • * A framework for classifying these interacting transients is proposed.

Conclusions:

  • * CSM interaction is a significant factor in the evolution and observation of supernovae.
  • * The proposed phenomenological framework aids in understanding the diversity of interacting transients.
  • * Further research can refine this classification and deepen our understanding of stellar explosion physics.