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Viral Interference Between Dengue Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections
Po-Cheng Liang1, Kuan-Yu Chen1, Chung-Hao Huang2
1Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases
|September 3, 2020
Summary
Dengue virus (DENV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) may interfere. DENV infection can increase HCV RNA levels, suggesting viral interference, but does not worsen dengue disease outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Hepatology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Dengue virus (DENV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are both flaviviruses that can cause hepatitis.
- Understanding potential interactions between DENV and HCV is crucial for managing coinfections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interference between DENV and HCV in coinfected patients.
- To assess the impact of DENV infection on HCV viremia and disease progression.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 515 dengue fever (DF) patients, identifying those coinfected with HCV.
- HCV RNA levels were measured during acute DF and at follow-up.
- In vitro experiments using HCV replicon cells infected with DENV1.
Main Results:
- 6.21% of DF patients were anti-HCV seropositive; 12 had detectable HCV RNA during DF.
- HCV RNA levels significantly increased at follow-up compared to the acute DF phase (P=.003).
- Patients with DF showed higher delta HCV RNA changes than controls during follow-up (P<.001); DENV1 downregulated HCV NS5A in vitro.
Conclusions:
- Clinical and in vitro findings suggest possible viral interference between DENV and HCV.
- HCV viremia did not appear to affect the clinical outcomes of dengue fever.
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