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Measuring 3D In-vivo Shoulder Kinematics using Biplanar Videoradiography
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Shoulder Motion Analysis During Codman Pendulum Exercises.

Gregory Cunningham1,2, Caecilia Charbonnier3,4, Alexandre Lädermann1,2,4

  • 1Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland.

Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabilitation
|September 3, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Codman pendulum exercises primarily utilize trunk movement, generating minimal shoulder joint motion. These exercises may offer general upper limb stretching but are likely limited in restoring passive shoulder range of motion.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Orthopedics
  • Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

  • Codman pendulum exercises are commonly prescribed for shoulder rehabilitation.
  • The actual shoulder motion generated by these exercises is not well quantified.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify shoulder motion during Codman pendulum exercises.
  • To analyze the contribution of different shoulder components to the overall movement.

Main Methods:

  • Shoulder kinematics were analyzed in 17 healthy volunteers using a biomechanical model.
  • Patient-specific imaging and motion capture were employed.
  • Medio-lateral, antero-posterior, and circular pendulum exercises were performed and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Exercise amplitude varied by type, with antero-posterior exercises showing the largest range (20.68 to 100.24°).
  • Glenohumeral (GH) and scapulothoracic (ST) joint involvement was minimal (GH: 6.74-13.81°, ST: 1.5-5.12°).
  • A moderate correlation was found between overall exercise amplitude and thoracohumeral (TH) ROM (R=0.73, p<0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Codman pendulum exercises rely predominantly on truncal movement, yielding little GH and ST joint motion.
  • While potentially useful for general upper limb stretching, their efficacy in restoring passive shoulder ROM is questionable.