Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...

Prochirality

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...

Stereoisomerism

Stereoisomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...

Chirality

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity

It is essential to understand the difference between chiral and achiral interactions and the implications thereof in optical activity and their applications. Just as our feet, which are chiral, interact uniquely with chiral objects, such as a pair of shoes, but identically with achiral socks, enantiomers of a molecule exhibit different properties only when they interact with other chiral media. An example of a significant implication from this facet is the phenomenon known as optical activity,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Hydrazine hydrate facilitates efficient synthesis of cyclodipeptides for antibacterial screening.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2026

Same author

Intermolecular Stacking-Instructed Chiral Preference in Covalent 2 + 2 Macrocyclization.

JACS Au·2026

Same author

<i>N</i>-Acylamino Acid Amidothiourea: A Versatile Chiral Helical Building Block.

Accounts of chemical research·2025

Same author

Shaping Peptide Assemblies Using Multifaceted Cyclic Tectons.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025

Same author

Noncovalently Bridging Cell-Surface Proteins Using Synthetic Peptides to Modulate Cell Apoptosis.

Nano letters·2024

Same author

Developing chiral aggregates exhibiting anti-S-shaped CD-ee dependence: using a <i>meso</i>-isomer to tune dynamic aggregates induced by enantiomers.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

Supramolecular Chiral Aggregates Exhibiting Nonlinear CD-ee Dependence.

Xiaosheng Yan¹, Qian Wang¹, Xuanxuan Chen¹

¹Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, iChEM, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|September 3, 2020

Summary

Nonlinear CD-ee dependence in chiral aggregates is explored. While positive effects (MRE) are understood, negative nonlinearities are less reported, hindering mechanistic understanding and application development.

Keywords:

majority-rules effect negative nonlinear dependence positive nonlinear dependence supramolecular aggregates supramolecular chirality

More Related Videos

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Controlling the Size, Shape and Stability of Supramolecular Polymers in Water

Published on: August 2, 2012

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Supramolecular Chemistry
Chiral Amplification
Spectroscopy

Background:

Dynamic supramolecular helical aggregates typically show linear CD-ee dependence.
Positive nonlinear CD-ee dependence (Majority-Rules Effect, MRE) indicates chiral amplification and is relatively well-understood.
Negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence is infrequently observed and poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the current understanding of both positive and negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence in supramolecular helical aggregates.
To provide insights and guidance for designing building blocks that exhibit negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence.
To advance the understanding of the mechanisms governing these phenomena.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on nonlinear CD-ee dependence in supramolecular systems.
Analysis of factors influencing nonlinear CD-ee dependence, including building block structure and aggregation behavior.
Discussion of theoretical modeling approaches, such as mismatch penalty and helix reversal energy.

Main Results:

Comprehensive overview of positive nonlinear CD-ee dependence (MRE) with diverse examples.
Highlighting the scarcity and lack of understanding surrounding negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence.
Identification of research gaps and potential strategies for future investigations.

Conclusions:

Understanding positive nonlinear CD-ee dependence can inform the design of systems exhibiting negative nonlinearities.
Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence.
Functional supramolecular aggregates with controlled nonlinear optical activity hold potential for various applications.