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Lessons learned from proteome analysis of perinatal neurovascular pathologies
Paloma Menéndez-Valladares1, Noelia Sola-Idígora2, Alejandro Fuerte-Hortigón1
1Neurology Unit, Hospital Universitario Virgen De Macarena , Sevilla, Spain.
Insights
New biomarkers are needed for diagnosing and monitoring pediatric neurovascular diseases. Noninvasive methods using biofluids could improve early detection and treatment of brain damage in children.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Biomarkers
- Pediatric Neurology
Background:
- Perinatal and pediatric neurovascular disorders pose lifelong challenges.
- Early diagnosis and severity assessment are vital for neuroprotective treatments.
- Current diagnostic tools have limitations.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review potential biomarkers for diagnosing perinatal neurovascular diseases.
- Discuss biomarker applications in classifying and treating neonatal neurovascular diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on biomarkers.
- Focus on noninvasive biomarkers in biofluids.
- Exploration of proteomic assays for biomarker evaluation.
Main Results:
- Growing interest in noninvasive biomarkers for monitoring at-risk children.
- Inflammatory and neuronal biomarkers (e.g., S-100B, GFAP) show promise.
- Multiplex panels combining biomarkers may enhance diagnosis.
Conclusions:
- Noninvasive biomarkers are crucial for accurate and reproducible measurements.
- Biofluid-based biomarkers offer a promising avenue for perinatal patients.
- Further research into novel biomarkers is warranted for improved patient outcomes.
Introduction:
Perinatal and pediatric diseases related to neurovascular disorders cause significant problems during life, affecting a population with a long life expectancy. Early diagnosis and assessment of the severity of these diseases are crucial to establish an appropriate neuroprotective treatment. Currently, physical examination, neuroimaging and clinical judgment are the main tools for diagnosis, although these tests have certain limitations. There is growing interest in the potential value of noninvasive biomarkers that can be used to monitor child patients at risk of brain damage, allowing accurate, and reproducible measurements.
Areas Covered:
This review describes potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of perinatal neurovascular diseases and discusses the possibilities they open for the classification and treatment of neonatal neurovascular diseases.
Expert Opinion:
Although high rates of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke exist in pediatric populations, most studies have focused on biomarkers of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Inflammatory and neuronal biomarkers such as S-100B and GFAP, in combination with others yet to be discovered, could be considered as part of multiplex panels to diagnose these diseases and potentially for monitoring response to treatments. Ideally, noninvasive biofluids would be the best source for evaluating these biomarkers in proteomic assays in perinatal patients.
