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Published on: December 19, 2020
Clinical characteristics of 71 patients with coronavirus disease 2019
Miaomiao Xiao1, Mingjie Hou2, Xuhui Liu2
1Sixth Department of Infectious Diseases, Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou 450015, China. 23617316@qq.com.
Insights
This study analyzed 71 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, finding fever and cough as primary symptoms. Most patients experienced mild illness with normal early blood counts, indicating a generally good prognosis for COVID-19.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
- Clinical Medicine
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged as a global pandemic, necessitating detailed understanding of its clinical spectrum.
- Early clinical and laboratory findings are crucial for diagnosis, prognosis, and management of COVID-19 patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and outcomes of 71 patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
- To identify key clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters associated with COVID-19 severity.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of general, epidemiological, laboratory, imaging, and treatment data from 71 COVID-19 patients.
- Data collected from patients admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou between January 19 and March 3, 2020.
- Comparison of clinical and laboratory parameters between severe and non-severe COVID-19 patient groups.
Main Results:
- The majority of COVID-19 patients (73.2%) were part of clusters. Common symptoms included fever (78.9%) and cough (64.8%).
- Early-stage laboratory results often showed normal leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts, though some decreases in T cells (CD4+, CD8+) were observed.
- Elevated inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein and IL-6 were noted in a significant proportion of patients. Lung involvement was common (84.5%).
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 exhibits clear aggregation patterns, with fever and cough being predominant clinical features.
- Normal white blood cell, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts are frequent in the early stages of COVID-19.
- The majority of COVID-19 cases present as mild or moderate, typically leading to favorable prognoses.
Objectives:
To analyze the clinical characteristics of 71 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods:
The general data, epidemiological data, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, and treatment of 71 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from January 19, 2020 to March 3, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.
Results:
Of the 71 COVID-19 patients, the ages were 4-84 (41.29±15.21) years, 38 (53.5%) patients were male, 33 (46.5%) were female, and 52 (73.2%) were in 22 clusters. The main clinical manifestations were fever (78.9%), cough (64.8%), and sputum (38.0%). The fever was mainly low and moderate, with 49 patients (69.0%) at 37.3-39.0 ℃. Most of the leukocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes were normal, accounting for 47 (66.2%), 51 (71.8%), and 51 (71.8%) patients, respectively; a few of them were decreased, accounting for 21 (29.6%), 16 (22.5%), and 20 (28.2%) patients, respectively. There were 38 (53.5%) and 31 (43.7%) patients with the decreased CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, respectively. There were 41 (57.7%), 38 (53.5%), 32 (45.1%), 26(36.6%), 22 (31.0%), 20 (28.2%), 14 (19.7%), 14 (19.7%), and 9 (12.7%) patients with the increased levels of C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, procalcitonin, fibrinogen,interleukin 6, lactate dehydrogenase,D-dimer,alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase, respectively. Of the 71 patients, the lung was involved in 60 (84.5%) patients, the double lung was involved in 47 (66.2%) patients, and the single lung was involved in 13 (18.3%) patients. The course of the disease was long, and the time from symptom onset to the second severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid negative transformation was (17.22±6.34) days.There were no significant differences in the incubation period (t=-0.453, P>0.05), the complicates (χ2=0.042, P>0.05), and the time from symptom onset to diagnosis (t=-1.330, P>0.05) in patients between the non-severe group and the severe group. The onset age, gender, SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid negative time, lymphocyte count, D-dimer, C-reactive protein, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, calcium ion, CD4+ T cell count, CD8+ T cell count, calcitonin, procalcitonin, and troponin were significantly different between the severe group and the non-severe group (all P<0.05). Among the 71 patients, 4 (5.6%) patients were mild, 59 (83.1%) were normal, and 8 (11.3%) were severe or critical.
Conclusions:
The aggregation phenomenon of COVID-19 is obvious. Fever and cough are the main clinical manifestations. White blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the most patients in the early onset are normal. Most COVID-19 patients are light and ordinary type, with good prognosis.
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