Implant primary stability depending on protocol and insertion mode - an ex vivo study

Area of Science:

• Dental Implantology
• Biomaterials Science
• Surgical Techniques

Background:

• Primary stability is crucial for long-term dental implant success.
• Understanding factors influencing primary stability is essential for optimal clinical outcomes.
• Ex vivo studies provide valuable insights into biomechanical parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the impact of insertion protocol (standard vs. over-dimensioned) on dental implant stability.
• To assess the influence of insertion mode (manual vs. machine-driven) on dental implant stability.
• To correlate resonance frequency analysis (RFA), insertion torque (IT), and torque out (TO) with stability.

Main Methods:

• 120 dental implants were inserted into porcine mandibles.
• Two protocols were used: standard and over-dimensioned.
• Insertion was performed manually or machine-driven.
• Stability was measured using RFA, IT, and TO.

Main Results:

• The standard protocol resulted in statistically significant higher insertion torque (IT) and torque out (TO) values compared to the over-dimensioned protocol (p < 0.05).
• No significant difference in IT and TO values was observed between manual and machine-driven insertion modes.
• Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) data was also collected but not detailed in the provided abstract.

Conclusions:

• The standard protocol enhances primary dental implant stability.
• The over-dimensioned protocol achieved stability values suitable for immediate implant loading.
• Insertion mode did not significantly affect primary stability in this ex vivo model.