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Mass Spectrometry Techniques in Emerging Pathogens Studies: COVID-19 Perspectives
Iqbal Mahmud1,2,3, Timothy J Garrett1,2,3
1Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry
|September 4, 2020
Summary
Mass spectrometry (MS) offers rapid, deployable diagnostic solutions for emerging viral outbreaks like COVID-19. While current methods face limitations, MS technologies show promise for pathogen identification and biomarker discovery in future pandemics.
Area of Science:
- * Infectious disease diagnostics
- * Emerging pathogen research
- * Mass spectrometry applications
Background:
- * Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) presents a global health crisis with evolving diagnostic and treatment knowledge.
- * Current RT-PCR diagnostics for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) are hindered by reagent/equipment access and target specificity.
- * Precision medicine demands rapid, deployable diagnostic approaches for viral outbreaks.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To review existing knowledge, challenges, and opportunities for mass spectrometry (MS)-based techniques in studying emerging pathogen outbreaks.
- * To highlight the potential of various MS technologies in addressing limitations of current diagnostic methods.
- * To explore MS applications in rapid pathogen identification and molecular pathogenesis investigation.
Main Methods:
- * Review of mass spectrometry (MS) applications including proteomics, glycomics, lipidomics, and metabolomics.
- * Discussion of specific MS techniques: MALDI-TOF/MS, PSI-MS, UHPLC-HRMS, PCR-MS, and miniaturized MS.
- * Examination of MS utility in identifying infectious agents and associated molecular phenomena.
Main Results:
- * MS-based technologies have been applied to identify infectious agents and study pathogenesis in past outbreaks.
- * Techniques like MALDI-TOF/MS, PSI-MS, and UHPLC-HRMS offer rapid pathogen identification and biomarker discovery.
- * PCR-MS and miniaturized MS present potential for direct pathogen identification and portable viral compound analysis.
Conclusions:
- * Mass spectrometry offers a promising avenue for studying emerging pathogen outbreaks like COVID-19.
- * Further development and application of MS technologies are crucial for enhancing pandemic preparedness and response.
- * MS-based diagnostics can complement existing methods, improving speed, sensitivity, and deployability.
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