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Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Local Anesthetic Thoracoscopy for Undiagnosed Pleural Effusion
Published on: November 10, 2023
Neeraj R Desai1, Kim D French2, Kevin L Kovitz1
1Chicago Chest Center, Elk Grove Village, IL; AMITA Health, Lisle, IL; Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL.
Pleural procedures are advancing, creating coding complexities for professionals. This guide clarifies indications, current procedural terminology (CPT) coding, and modifiers to prevent payment issues and audits.
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