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Spatial and network characteristics of Irish cattle movements
Jamie A Tratalos1, Jamie M Madden1, Guy McGrath1
1UCD Centre for Veterinary Epidemiology and Risk Analysis, UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
Preventive Veterinary Medicine
|September 4, 2020
Summary
This study analyzed Irish cattle movements, revealing distinct spatial and network patterns. Cattle movement data showed significant variation, with implications for disease surveillance and management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Epidemiology
- Network Analysis
- Spatial Analysis
Background:
- Understanding cattle movement is crucial for effective disease surveillance and management in the Republic of Ireland.
- Previous livestock movement studies often reported scale-free distributions, necessitating investigation into alternative models for Irish cattle data.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the spatial and network attributes of cattle movements between herds in the Republic of Ireland.
- To inform policy and research for improved disease surveillance and management in Irish cattle populations.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of discrete herd-to-herd pairings, considering movements as degree (pairings), contacts (pairings by date), and transfers (pairings by date and animal).
- Examination of movements categorized as outward (out degree, out contacts, out transfers) and inward (in degree, in contacts, in transfers).
- Spatial mapping of movements on a 5 km grid, normalized per 1000 animals and per herd, with correlation analyses.
Main Results:
- Frequency distributions of movement types were heavily right-skewed, with 'out' data types better fitting a log-normal distribution.
- Over 90% of distinct herd-to-herd contacts occurred only once.
- Weak or negative correlations were observed between inward and outward moves, while correlations between different measures of inward or outward moves were stronger.
- Spatial analysis revealed considerable county-level variation in movement numbers and distances, with market-facilitated movements generally occurring over greater distances.
Conclusions:
- Cattle movement patterns in Ireland exhibit unique characteristics, deviating from typical scale-free models.
- Significant spatial heterogeneity exists in cattle movements across Ireland, influenced by county characteristics and movement type (e.g., market vs. direct).
- Findings provide critical data for refining disease surveillance strategies and management policies for the Irish cattle population.
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