Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Calibration Curves: Linear Least Squares01:20

Calibration Curves: Linear Least Squares

3.9K
A calibration curve is a plot of the instrument's response against a series of known concentrations of a substance. This curve is used to set the instrument response levels, using the substance and its concentrations as standards. Alternatively, or additionally, an equation is fitted to the calibration curve plot and subsequently used to calculate the unknown concentrations of other samples reliably.
For data that follow a straight line, the standard method for fitting is the linear...
3.9K
Residuals and Least-Squares Property01:11

Residuals and Least-Squares Property

8.7K
The vertical distance between the actual value of y and the estimated value of y. In other words, it measures the vertical distance between the actual data point and the predicted point on the line
If the observed data point lies above the line, the residual is positive, and the line underestimates the actual data value for y. If the observed data point lies below the line, the residual is negative, and the line overestimates the actual data value for y.
The process of fitting the best-fit...
8.7K
Types of Global Positioning System Surveys01:30

Types of Global Positioning System Surveys

224
GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
224
Field Application of Global Positioning System01:28

Field Application of Global Positioning System

214
The Global Positioning System (GPS) has become an indispensable tool in fieldwork, offering unparalleled precision and efficiency for surveying, navigation, and infrastructure development. By harnessing signals from a constellation of satellites, GPS receivers determine the location of objects with remarkable speed and accuracy, often completing calculations within a second.Advantages of Modern GPS TechnologyContemporary GPS receivers are designed to meet the practical demands of field...
214
Linear Equations01:27

Linear Equations

193
Linear equations form the foundation of many algebraic and real-world applications, characterized by their simplicity and utility. A linear equation is an algebraic statement in which each term is either a constant or a product of a constant and a single variable. These equations represent straight lines when plotted on a Cartesian coordinate plane, reflecting a constant rate of change between two quantities.A typical linear equation in one variable has the form: ax + b = c, where a, b, and c...
193
Gaussian Elimination: Problem Solving01:30

Gaussian Elimination: Problem Solving

90
Systems of linear equations in several variables are pivotal in modeling complex scenarios involving multiple unknowns and constraints. Such systems are widely used in various fields to represent relationships where several conditions must be simultaneously satisfied. Each variable in the system corresponds to an unknown quantity, while each equation imposes a linear constraint, leading to a structured approach for analyzing and solving real-world problems.A system of three equations with three...
90

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of 3D model quality on user experience in mobile augmented reality applications.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Testing and Analysis of Selected Navigation Parameters of the GNSS/INS System for USV Path Localization during Inland Hydrographic Surveys.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

A Method for Determining the Directional Angle of a Railway Route Based on Field Measurements.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same author

Review of Shoreline Extraction Methods from Aerial Laser Scanning.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

Reducing the Uncertainty of the Moving Object Location Measurement with the Method of Quasi-Multiple Measurement in GNSS Technology in Symmetrical Arrangement.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same author

The Procedure of Identifying the Geometrical Layout of an Exploited Railway Route Based on the Determined Curvature of the Track Axis.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Image-based Lagrangian Particle Tracking in Bed-load Experiments
10:32

Image-based Lagrangian Particle Tracking in Bed-load Experiments

Published on: July 20, 2017

9.3K

Application of Least Squares with Conditional Equations Method for Railway Track Inventory Using GNSS Observations.

Krzysztof Czaplewski1, Zbigniew Wisniewski2, Cezary Specht1

  • 1Department of Geodesy and Oceanography, Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University, 81-374 Gdynia, Poland.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Mobile satellite surveys using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers offer highly accurate railway track inventory. This study details a novel method for aligning survey data for precise track diagnostics and design.

Keywords:
GNSS measurementsestimation methodsrail transportrailway infrastructure

More Related Videos

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

3.4K
Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

3.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

Image-based Lagrangian Particle Tracking in Bed-load Experiments
10:32

Image-based Lagrangian Particle Tracking in Bed-load Experiments

Published on: July 20, 2017

9.3K
Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements
09:36

Continuous-Wave Propagation Channel-Sounding Measurement System - Testing, Verification, and Measurements

Published on: June 25, 2021

3.4K
Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach
04:35

Development of an Individual-Tree Basal Area Increment Model using a Linear Mixed-Effects Approach

Published on: July 3, 2020

3.6K

Area of Science:

  • Geodesy and Surveying
  • Civil Engineering
  • Geospatial Technology

Background:

  • Satellite geodetic networks are essential for surveying and mobile applications.
  • Mobile satellite surveys can be utilized for railway track inventory, diagnostics, and design.
  • Integrating advanced technology with established methods enhances accuracy in railway surveying.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the results of mobile surveying using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers on a railway track.
  • To describe the surveying campaign and data acquisition process.
  • To provide a theoretical framework for aligning satellite observation data and its visualization.

Main Methods:

  • Deployment of a mobile surveying platform equipped with GNSS receivers.
  • Collection of satellite observation data along a 246 km railway track section.
  • Application of classical land surveying alignment methods to process satellite survey data.

Main Results:

  • Successful acquisition of high-accuracy data for railway track inventory.
  • Demonstration of a method for aligning mobile satellite survey observations.
  • Visualization of the processed railway track data.

Conclusions:

  • Mobile satellite surveying, combined with classical alignment techniques, provides highly accurate solutions for railway track inventory.
  • The presented methodology enables precise diagnostics and design of railway infrastructure.
  • This approach offers a significant advancement in geospatial technology for railway engineering.