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Published on: September 24, 2020
Takotsubo syndrome as a complication in a critically ill COVID-19 patient
Maurizio Bottiroli1, Daniele De Caria1, Oriana Belli2
1Anesthesia and Critical Care, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy.
Insights
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) can occur late in Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, even after initial recovery. Early echocardiography is key for diagnosing and treating this cardiac complication.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Cardiac injury is a known complication of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), associated with increased mortality.
- The precise mechanisms and specific cardiac conditions arising during COVID-19 require further elucidation.
Observation:
- A 76-year-old woman with COVID-19 pneumonia developed cardiogenic shock 16 days into intensive care.
- The shock onset followed a spontaneous breathing trial via tracheostomy.
- Bed-side echocardiography revealed apical ballooning, indicative of Takotsubo syndrome (TTS).
Findings:
- Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) can manifest in the late stages of COVID-19.
- The patient, initially stable with normal cardiac function, developed TTS after prolonged respiratory distress.
- Successful treatment involved deep sedation and low-dose epinephrine.
Implications:
- This case highlights the potential for late-onset TTS in COVID-19 patients.
- Prompt diagnosis via bedside echocardiography is vital for managing this cardiac complication.
- Increased awareness of late TTS can improve patient outcomes in COVID-19 critical care.
Abstract:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with cardiac injury have an increased risk of mortality. It remains to be determined the mechanism of cardiac injury and the identification of specific conditions that affect the heart during COVID-19. We present the case of a 76-year-old woman with COVID-19 pneumonia that developed a takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Although the patient presented normal left ventricular ejection fraction and normal levels of troponin on admission, after 16 days in intensive care unit due to respiratory distress, she suddenly developed cardiogenic shock. Shock occurred few hours after a spontaneous breathing trial through her tracheostomy. Bed-side echocardiographic revealed apical ballooning promptly supporting the diagnosis of TTS. She was successfully treated with deep sedation and low dosage of epinephrine. The relevance of this case is that TTS can occur in the late phase of COVID-19. Awareness of late TTS and bed-side echocardiographic evaluation can lead to prompt identification and treatment.
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