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Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

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When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
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Cortical Bone Assessment Using Ultrasonic Guided Waves: A Reproducibility Study in a Healthy Population
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Accelerated 3D bSSFP Using a Modified Wave-CAIPI Technique With Truncated Wave Gradients.

Shi Su, Zhilang Qiu, Chao Luo

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    Summary

    A new 3D Wave-bSSFP technique eliminates banding artifacts in accelerated 3D bSSFP imaging. This method maintains Wave-CAIPI

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    Area of Science:

    • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    • Medical Physics
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Wave Controlled Aliasing In Parallel Imaging (Wave-CAIPI) accelerates 3D bSSFP MRI but introduces banding artifacts.
    • These artifacts stem from unbalanced gradients with nonzero 0th moment in conventional Wave-CAIPI.
    • Efficient acceleration of 3D bSSFP MRI is crucial for reducing scan times and improving patient comfort.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and evaluate a 3D Wave-bSSFP scheme that eliminates banding artifacts.
    • To maintain the acceleration benefits of wave encoding while improving image quality.
    • To assess the performance of the proposed technique in phantom and in vivo experiments.

    Main Methods:

    • A 3D Wave-bSSFP scheme using truncated wave gradients with zero 0th moment was developed.
    • Simulations were performed to analyze the effects of wave cycle truncation and gradient application.
    • Phantom and in vivo experiments (brain, spine, abdomen) were conducted to evaluate acceleration and image quality.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed 3D Wave-bSSFP effectively eliminated banding artifacts seen in conventional Wave-CAIPI.
    • Simulations showed limited influence of wave cycle truncation on g-factor and image quality.
    • Up to 12× retrospective acceleration was achieved in 3D brain imaging at 0.8 mm isotropic resolution, outperforming CAIPIRINHA.

    Conclusions:

    • The 3D Wave-bSSFP technique successfully removes banding artifacts while preserving acceleration advantages.
    • This method demonstrates superior performance compared to CAIPIRINHA for accelerated 3D bSSFP MRI.
    • Wave-bSSFP shows significant potential for clinical applications requiring fast, high-resolution 3D imaging of the brain, spine, and abdomen.