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Related Concept Videos

Indicators02:39

Indicators

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Certain organic substances change color in dilute solution when the hydronium ion concentration reaches a particular value. For example, phenolphthalein is a colorless substance in any aqueous solution with a hydronium ion concentration greater than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH < 8.3). In more basic solutions where the hydronium ion concentration is less than 5.0 × 10−9 M (pH > 8.3), it is red or pink. Substances such as phenolphthalein, which can be used to determine the pH of a solution, are...
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The titration of a polyprotic base such as sodium carbonate with a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid results in two equivalence points on the titration curve. At the first equivalence point, the carbonate ions in the base are completely converted to bicarbonate ions. The second equivalence point corresponds to the complete conversion of bicarbonate ions to carbonic acid, which dissociates into carbon dioxide and water. The region before the first equivalence point corresponds to the...
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Related Experiment Video

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Synthesis, Cellular Delivery and In vivo Application of Dendrimer-based pH Sensors
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Reversible and high accuracy pH colorimetric sensor array based on a single acid-base indicator working in a wide pH

Andrea Pastore1, Denis Badocco1, Paolo Pastore1

  • 1Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo 1, 35131, Padua, Italy.

Talanta
|September 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A novel pH colorimetric sensor array (CSA) utilizes Bromothymol Blue (BB) and a surfactant to achieve high precision across a wide pH range. This sensor offers rapid, accurate pH measurements with minimal error, even with a limited number of sensing spots.

Keywords:
Cationic surfactantsColorimetric sensor arraysHueOrMoSilpH measurement

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Developing precise and rapid pH sensors is crucial for various scientific applications.
  • Existing sensors often face limitations in accuracy across broad pH ranges or require complex indicator systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a fast-response pH colorimetric sensor array (CSA) using a single indicator, Bromothymol Blue (BB).
  • To investigate the impact of surfactant concentration on sensor performance and precision.
  • To develop a predictive model for optimizing sensor spot configuration for consistent accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Prepared a CSA by varying the concentration of Hexadecyltrimethylammonium p-toluenesulfonate surfactant with OrMoSil precursors.
  • Characterized the sensor's response and precision across a wide pH range (5.80-13.50).
  • Developed a model to determine the optimal number of sensor spots for desired precision.

Main Results:

  • Increased surfactant concentration caused an acidic shift in the BB calibration curve, significantly altering its pKa value.
  • Sensor precision improved with higher surfactant concentrations, reducing error from 0.096 to 0.023 pH units.
  • A model demonstrated that using only 4 spots can achieve <0.100 pH unit error, and 256 spots predict a near-constant error of ~0.010 pH units across the entire range.

Conclusions:

  • The developed CSA demonstrates high precision and a wide working pH range using a single indicator.
  • Modulating surfactant concentration effectively tunes sensor performance and accuracy.
  • The predictive model enables efficient design of multi-spot CSAs for reliable pH monitoring.