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Related Concept Videos

Maximum Power Transfer01:16

Maximum Power Transfer

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Numerous practical applications within engineering disciplines, such as telecommunications, necessitate optimizing power delivery to a connected load. This pursuit, however, entails inherent internal losses, which can either equal or exceed the power supplied to the load. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is helpful in finding the maximum power a linear circuit can deliver to a load. It is assumed in this context that the load resistance can be adjusted.
By substituting the entire circuit with...
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Gain01:15

Gain

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Gain and phase shift are properties of linear circuits that describe the effect a circuit has on a sinusoidal input voltage or current. The circuit's behavior that contains reactive elements will depend on the frequency of the input sinusoid. As a result, it is observed that the gain and phase shift will all be frequency functions.
Gain:
Suppose Vin is the input and Vout is the output signal to a circuit.
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Cascaded Op Amps01:16

Cascaded Op Amps

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Operational amplifiers (op-amps) are versatile electronic components that can be interconnected in a cascade - one after another in a linear sequence. This cascading is possible due to their infinite input resistance and zero output resistance, allowing them to maintain their input-output relationships even when connected in series.
In a cascaded system, each op-amp is referred to as a stage. The output of one stage drives the input of the subsequent stage. As the input signal passes through...
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Upsampling01:22

Upsampling

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Managing signal sampling rates is essential in digital signal processing to maintain signal integrity. A decimated signal, characterized by a reduced frequency range due to its lower sampling rate, can be upsampled by inserting zeros between each sample. This upsampling process expands the original spectrum and introduces repeated spectral replicas at intervals dictated by the new Nyquist frequency. To refine this zero-inserted sequence, it is passed through a lowpass filter with a cutoff...
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The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem01:20

The Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

1.0K
Consider a linear AC Thevenin equivalent circuit connected to a load impedance.
The load connected draws the current, and the circuit delivers the power to the load. The alternating current flowing through the load is determined using the rectangular form of voltages, currents, network impedance, and load impedance. The average power delivered to the load is obtained from the product of the square of current and load resistance.
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Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

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Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
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Spectral Efficiency Augmentation in Uplink Massive MIMO Systems by Increasing Transmit Power and Uniform Linear Array

Jehangir Arshad1, Abdul Rehman2, Ateeq Ur Rehman3

  • 1Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Punjab 54000, Pakistan.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study enhances spectral efficiency (SE) in massive MIMO systems by optimizing cell density and bandwidth. A novel model increases SE through transmit power and array gain, improving future network data transmission.

Keywords:
area throughputchannel gainfuture networksinter-cell interferenceline-of-sitenon-line-of-sitesignal-to-noise interference ratiosignal-to-noise ratiospectral efficiencytransmit poweruniform linear array

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Area of Science:

  • Wireless communication systems
  • Signal processing
  • Antenna theory

Background:

  • Massive Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems offer improved Spectral Efficiency (SE).
  • Optimizing system parameters is crucial for maximizing area throughput in cellular networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for increasing SE in massive MIMO systems.
  • To develop a model for augmenting SE by adjusting transmit power and antenna array gain.
  • To maximize area throughput by determining optimal values for cell density, bandwidth, and SE.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a Spectral Efficiency (SE) augmentation model for massive MIMO.
  • Incorporated inter-user interference and incident angles of users into the model.
  • Utilized Uniform Linear Array (ULA) configuration for antenna arrays.

Main Results:

  • Achieved maximum SE of 12.79 bits/s/Hz in Line of Sight (LoS) and 12.69 bits/s/Hz in Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) scenarios.
  • Demonstrated that SE augmentation is a linear function of transmit power and array gain.
  • Validated the proposed model through simulations, confirming its real-time implementability.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed model effectively enhances SE in massive MIMO systems.
  • Optimized parameters lead to significant improvements in area throughput.
  • Findings support efficient information transmission in future wireless networks.