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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
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Quantum Numbers02:43

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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
1.0K
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution01:14

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution

2.2K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
2.2K

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Experimental Methods for Spin- and Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy Combined with Polarization-Variable Laser
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Spin-orbit quantum impurity in a topological magnet.

Jia-Xin Yin1, Nana Shumiya2, Yuxiao Jiang2

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Single indium impurities in topological magnets create localized quantum states. These states exhibit spin-orbit splitting, offering new avenues for quantum technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Quantum states induced by atomic impurities are crucial in condensed matter physics.
  • Topological magnets offer unique spin-orbit tunability, yet impurity effects remain largely unexplored.
  • Previous studies reported impurity-induced states in superconductors and magnetic semiconductors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quantum states induced by single-atomic impurities in topological magnets.
  • To characterize the spin polarization and orbital magnetization of these impurity-induced states.
  • To explore the interaction and spin-orbit effects of neighboring impurity states.

Main Methods:

  • Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (SP-STM/S).
  • Systematic magnetization-polarized probe measurements.
  • Analysis of localized bound states and their interactions.

Main Results:

  • Engineered indium impurities in Co3Sn2S2 topological magnets induce localized bound states.
  • These bound states are spin-down polarized with negative orbital magnetization.
  • Interacting impurity states form quantized orbitals with spin-orbit splitting, mimicking topological fermion line splitting.

Conclusions:

  • Single-atomic impurities can induce significant spin-orbit effects in topological magnets at the quantum level.
  • Nonmagnetic impurities can introduce spin-orbit coupled magnetic resonance in topological magnets.
  • This research opens possibilities for novel quantum devices utilizing impurity states in topological magnets.