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Early regulatory problems and parenting: life-long risk, vulnerability or susceptibility for attention, internalizing

Julia Jaekel1,2, Christian Sorg3,4,5, Linda Breeman6

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK. jjaekel@utk.edu.

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
|September 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Children with early regulatory problems (RPs) are vulnerable to insensitive parenting, impacting self-regulation across the lifespan. Sensitive parenting can mitigate risks for some outcomes, highlighting a diathesis-stress model for early attention regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Child Psychiatry
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Early childhood regulatory problems (RPs) like crying, sleeping, or feeding issues are linked to later self-regulation difficulties.
  • Sensitive parenting may buffer children against negative developmental trajectories.
  • Understanding how parenting affects children with and without early RPs is crucial for intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine whether children with early RPs are more vulnerable to parenting variations compared to those without.
  • To test main effects (ME), diathesis-stress (DIA-S), and differential susceptibility (DST) models of parenting's influence.
  • To investigate these effects across a life-course perspective from birth to 28 years.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective longitudinal study of 302 participants from birth to 28 years.
  • Assessment of RPs from 5 to 56 months and sensitive parenting at 6 years.
  • Measurement of attention regulation, internalizing, and externalizing problems at 8 and 28 years.

Main Results:

  • The diathesis-stress (DIA-S) model best explained childhood attention regulation.
  • Main effects (ME) models best explained outcomes at age 28.
  • Both DIA-S and ME models explained internalizing and externalizing problems, with individuals with early RPs showing vulnerability to insensitive parenting.

Conclusions:

  • Early regulatory problems confer vulnerability to insensitive parenting, impacting long-term self-regulation and behavioral outcomes.
  • Developmental models explaining these associations vary across the lifespan.
  • Findings underscore the importance of sensitive parenting for children with early regulatory challenges.

Keywords:
Attention regulationCBCLConfirmatory-comparative modellingLife-courseParentingRegulatory problemsYASR

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