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Update of Pediatric Heart Failure

Kae Watanabe1, Renata Shih2

  • 1Northwestern University, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 21, Chicago, IL 60611-2605, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|September 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric heart failure (PHF) is a serious condition with high mortality. Early diagnosis and specialized care are crucial for improving outcomes in children with PHF.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric cardiology
  • Cardiovascular research
  • Congenital heart disease

Background:

  • Pediatric heart failure (PHF) affects 0.87-7.4 per 100,000 children.
  • PHF has a significant 5-year mortality or heart transplant rate of 40%.
  • Delayed diagnosis is common due to symptom overlap with other pediatric illnesses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the challenges in diagnosing and managing pediatric heart failure.
  • To emphasize the need for specialized pediatric HF care and research.
  • To discuss current treatment strategies and the role of ventricular assist devices (VADs) and heart transplantation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on pediatric heart failure.
  • Analysis of diagnostic methods including symptoms, echocardiograms, and biomarkers.
  • Examination of treatment approaches extrapolated from adult heart failure studies and emerging pediatric-specific research.

Main Results:

  • PHF diagnosis is often delayed, impacting patient outcomes.
  • Current treatments are largely based on adult data, despite known pathophysiological differences.
  • Collaboration among PHF programs is improving management, with VADs increasingly used as a bridge to transplantation.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for pediatric-specific research into heart failure pathophysiology and treatment.
  • Enhanced diagnostic tools and timely intervention are essential for improving pediatric heart failure survival rates.
  • Advanced therapies like VADs and heart transplantation play a vital role in managing end-stage pediatric heart failure.

Keywords:
Cardiomyopathy in infants and childrenHeart failure in congenital heart diseaseHeart failure in pediatric acquired heart diseasePediatric heart failure

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