Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Selectins01:25

Selectins

3.8K
Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain,...
3.8K
Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

196
Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
196
Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

39.3K
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
39.3K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

2.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
2.4K
Inflammatory Response01:28

Inflammatory Response

15.4K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
15.4K
Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal

2.5K
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
2.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

KIF14 silencing suppresses cell proliferation and enhances chemosensitivity by modulating 53BP1 nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in non-WNT/non-SHH medulloblastoma.

Cell death discovery·2026
Same author

Control of naive T cell reactivity and peripheral tolerance by ascorbate and TET activity.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Joint effects of visual acuity impairment and visual field loss on reading performance: a low-vision simulation in Chinese readers.

Eye and vision (London, England)·2026
Same author

Publisher Correction: Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses of refractive error augment genetic discovery and polygenic prediction.

Nature genetics·2026
Same author

Development of a vaccine based on mRNA assembly of PEDV virus-like particle.

Journal of virology·2026
Same author

Multi-ancestry genome-wide association analyses of refractive error augment genetic discovery and polygenic prediction.

Nature genetics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
07:10

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

9.3K

Selective Response to Bacterial Infection by Regulating Siglec-E Expression.

Yin Wu1, Darong Yang1, Runhua Liu2,3

  • 1Children's Foundation Research Institute at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38103, USA.

Iscience
|September 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) typically target sialylated pathogens. This study reveals Siglec-E also responds to nonsialylated bacteria, impacting host survival and reactive oxygen species production.

Keywords:
GeneticsMicrobiologyMolecular Biology

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface
13:36

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface

Published on: October 20, 2023

4.0K
Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 9, 2025

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
07:10

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

9.3K
Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface
13:36

Author Spotlight: Dendritic Cells Maturation Using Sialidases-Based Enzymatic Treatment of the Cell Surface

Published on: October 20, 2023

4.0K
Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response
12:50

Screening Assays to Characterize Novel Endothelial Regulators Involved in the Inflammatory Response

Published on: September 15, 2017

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions

Background:

  • Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are known to suppress immune responses against sialylated pathogens.
  • The role of Siglecs in response to nonsialylated pathogens, which constitute the majority of pathogenic microbes, remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the response of Siglecs to nonsialylated Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which Siglec-E regulates host defense against these bacterial infections.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Siglece knockout mice and wild-type littermates for infection studies with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Analyzed bacterial clearance, host mortality, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
  • Investigated the signaling pathways (TLR4/MyD88/JNK/NF-κB/AP-1 and TLR2/RANKL/TRAF6/Syk) involved in Siglec-E regulation.

Main Results:

  • Siglece knockout mice exhibited increased mortality upon Gram-negative bacterial infection compared to wild-type mice.
  • Wild-type mice demonstrated more efficient clearance of Gram-negative bacteria, correlating with Siglec-E upregulation and increased ROS production.
  • Gram-negative bacteria upregulated Siglec-E via the TLR4 pathway, while Gram-positive bacteria downregulated it via the TLR2 pathway.

Conclusions:

  • Siglec-E plays a critical role in host defense against nonsialylated Gram-negative bacterial infections.
  • The study identifies a novel mechanism where Siglec-E modulates ROS production and influences host survival.
  • These findings reveal a new function for Siglec-E in the innate immune response to a broader range of bacterial pathogens.