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Related Concept Videos

Complement System01:27

Complement System

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The complement system is a group of approximately 20 plasma proteins that strengthen the body's defenses against infections through opsonization, inflammation, and cell lysis. Opsonization involves coating pathogens with complement proteins, making them more recognizable and facilitating phagocyte engulfment. Certain complement proteins induce inflammation that attracts immune cells to the site of infection. Cell lysis involves the destruction of pathogens through the formation of a...
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Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
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A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
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Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells
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Methods for Quantitative Detection of Antibody-induced Complement Activation on Red Blood Cells

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Role of complement in alloimmunization and hyperhemolysis.

Satheesh Chonat1,2, Amanda Mener3,4, Hans Verkerke3,4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine.

Current Opinion in Hematology
|September 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complement regulates red blood cell (RBC) alloantigen removal after transfusion and alloantibody formation. Its alternative pathway activation is key in sickle cell disease (SCD) hemolysis, offering a therapeutic target.

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Related Experiment Videos

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Immunology
  • Transfusion Medicine

Background:

  • Complement system plays a critical role in immune responses.
  • Understanding complement's function is vital for managing transfusion reactions and sickle cell disease (SCD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review complement's role in RBC alloantigen removal post-transfusion.
  • To summarize complement's influence on alloantibody formation.
  • To examine complement's role in sickle cell disease (SCD) hyperhemolysis.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing recent findings from various studies.
  • Literature search and analysis of complement's functions in hematological contexts.

Main Results:

  • Complement accelerates alloantibody-mediated RBC alloantigen clearance after incompatible transfusions.
  • Complement influences alloantigen presentation and T-cell-independent alloantibody production.
  • Alternative complement pathway activation is implicated in acute hemolytic episodes in SCD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Complement is a key regulator in RBC transfusion complications and SCD hemolysis.
  • Targeting the complement system offers a promising therapeutic strategy for hematological diseases.
  • Complement modulation presents opportunities for improved patient outcomes in transfusion medicine and SCD.