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Coronavirus disease 2019 attack rate in HIV-infected patients and in preexposure prophylaxis users

Caroline Charre1,2,3, Vinca Icard1, Pierre Pradat4

  • 1Laboratoire de Virologie, Institut de Agents Infectieux, Centre National de Référence des Virus des Infections Respiratoires, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon.

AIDS (London, England)
|September 5, 2020
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 attack rates were similar in HIV-infected patients and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users compared to the general population in France. This study found no increased risk for these groups during the pandemic

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, significantly impacted global health starting in late 2019.
  • HIV-infected patients and PrEP users may face increased COVID-19 risk due to factors like immunodeficiency and lifestyle.
  • Limited epidemiological data existed for COVID-19 in these specific populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the COVID-19 attack rate in HIV-infected patients and PrEP users in the Rhône department, France.
  • To compare these rates with the general population during the initial phase of the pandemic (March-April 2020).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a laboratory database including SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results.
  • Calculation of COVID-19 attack rates for HIV-infected patients, PrEP users, and the general population.
  • Adjustment of attack rates to account for laboratory testing representativeness.

Main Results:

  • A total of 24,860 samples from 19,113 patients were analyzed.
  • SARS-CoV-2 positivity rates were comparable across HIV-infected patients (15.6%), PrEP users (14.8%), and others (19.1%).
  • Crude and corrected COVID-19 attack rates were similar among HIV-infected patients (0.31%/0.38%), PrEP users (0.38%/0.42%), and the general population (0.24%).

Conclusions:

  • The risk of symptomatic COVID-19 in France during March-April 2020 was similar for HIV-infected patients and PrEP users compared to the general population.
  • These findings suggest that current management and preventative measures may be effective in mitigating COVID-19 risk in these populations.
Abstract

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