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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Extraction of Structural Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Aerobic Granular Sludge
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Extraction of Structural Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Aerobic Granular Sludge

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A settling model for full-scale aerobic granular sludge.

Edward J H van Dijk1, Mario Pronk1, Mark C M van Loosdrecht2

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, Delft, 2629, HZ, the Netherlands; Royal HaskoningDHV, Laan1914 35, Amersfoort, 3800, AL, the Netherlands.

Water Research
|September 6, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) settling differs from activated sludge, with size segregation impacting granulation. This study models AGS settling to improve reactor operation and nutrient removal.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Wastewater Treatment Technologies
  • Granular Sludge Dynamics

Background:

  • Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) exhibits distinct settling behavior compared to conventional activated sludge.
  • Existing models do not account for size-based granule segregation during settling, a critical factor in granulation.
  • Understanding granule settling is essential for optimizing AGS reactor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and evaluate the segregation of different granule sizes during settling and feeding in full-scale AGS reactors.
  • To investigate the influence of granule size distribution on reactor operation.
  • To identify mechanisms for controlling granular size distribution beyond hydraulic selection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Patwardhan and Tien model, an extension of the Richardson and Zaki model for multi-class particles.
Keywords:
Aerobic granular sludgeDesignFull-scaleModelPracticeRichardson and ZakiSettlingWastewater

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  • Identified key parameters using aerobic granular sludge from full-scale Nereda® reactors.
  • Measured individual granule settling properties and bulk behavior of granular sludge beds.

    • Main Results:

    • The developed multi-class granular settling model was validated for full-scale Nereda® reactors.
    • Model predictions indicated that hydraulic selection pressure alone may not guarantee a specific granular size distribution.
    • Different stable granular size distributions can emerge under identical hydraulic selection pressures.

    Conclusions:

    • Granular size distribution control in AGS reactors may require mechanisms beyond hydraulic selection.
    • The developed model enhances understanding and optimization of operational parameters dependent on granule size, such as biological nutrient removal.
    • Insights from this model can inform the development of continuously fed AGS systems.