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The challenge to define the optimal prophylactic regimen for vitamin K deficiency bleeding in infants

Chiara Lembo1, Giuseppe Buonocore1, Serafina Perrone2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|September 6, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) remains a risk for infants. Combined prophylactic strategies reduce severe late VKDB, but optimal regimens for newborns are still debated.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Hematology

Background:

  • Infants face risks of vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB).
  • Despite various prophylactic measures, late-onset VKDB persists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of vitamin K prophylaxis in infants.
  • To discuss the ongoing debate regarding optimal prophylactic regimens for preventing VKDB.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on vitamin K prophylaxis strategies.
  • Analysis of the effectiveness of combined prophylactic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Combined strategies, including oral prophylaxis post-intramuscular dose, decrease severe late VKDB.
  • Late-form VKDB has not been entirely eradicated in infants.

Conclusions:

  • The optimal vitamin K prophylactic regimen for term and preterm infants remains an open question.
  • Further research is needed to establish a universally accepted administration scheme.

Keywords:
PIVKAintracranial bleedingneonatal prophylaxisnewborn infantsvitamin K deficiency bleeding

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