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Flail Chest-II01:26

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Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
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Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes01:28

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Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

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The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Compound or Specially Designed Flaps in the Lower Extremities.

Bruno Battiston1, Davide Ciclamini1, Jin Bo Tang2

  • 1U.O.C. Traumatology, Hand Surgery, Microsurgery, A.S.O. Città della Salute e della Scienza, CTO - Hospital, Via Gianfranco Zuretti, 29, 10126 Torino, Italy.

Clinics in Plastic Surgery
|September 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel tissue transfers from the lower extremity offer advanced solutions for soft tissue defects and nonunion in the hand, foot, and ankle. These techniques, including specialized flaps, enhance reconstructive possibilities for complex injuries.

Keywords:
Combined transferLeg and footOsteoperiosteal flapsPerforator flapPropeller flapSoft tissue defects

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Plastic Surgery
  • Reconstructive Microsurgery

Background:

  • Soft tissue defects and fracture nonunion present significant reconstructive challenges.
  • Lower extremity tissue transfers offer versatile solutions for various anatomical locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight novel and combined tissue transfer techniques from the lower extremity.
  • To discuss the application of these flaps in reconstructing defects of the hand, foot, and ankle.
  • To review combined approaches for severe lower extremity bone and soft tissue defects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing pedicled and propeller flaps from the lower extremity for tissue coverage.
  • Employing specialized flap designs for tendon gliding or digital reconstruction.
  • Integrating external fixators, vascularized bone grafts, and flap coverage for complex lower extremity trauma.

Main Results:

  • Tissue transfers from the lower extremity provide effective coverage for defects in the hand, foot, and ankle.
  • Specialized flaps facilitate tendon repair and reconstruction of digits.
  • Combined approaches are increasingly utilized for severe lower extremity injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Lower extremity tissue transfers are valuable tools in combating soft tissue defects and nonunion.
  • Flap design can be tailored for specific functional requirements.
  • Combined reconstructive strategies improve outcomes for complex traumatic lower extremity injuries.