Recent developments in PARP14 research

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Molecular Biology
• Immunology

Background:

• Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) are crucial enzymes involved in DNA repair and cellular signaling.
• PARP14, a member of the PARP superfamily, has emerged as a significant player in various biological processes.
• Understanding PARP14's diverse roles is essential for therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of key advancements in PARP14 research between late 2017 and early 2020.
• To elucidate the expanding functional roles of PARP14, including its involvement in viral replication.
• To summarize progress in the design of PARP14 inhibitors and related poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) developments.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and synthesis of recent research findings.
• Analysis of studies investigating PARP14's molecular mechanisms and biological functions.
• Evaluation of current strategies for developing selective PARP14 inhibitors.

Main Results:

• PARP14 exhibits an emerging role in viral replication, alongside its established functions in cancer and inflammation.
• Significant progress has been made in understanding PARP14's enzymatic activity and protein interactions.
• The macrodomain of PARP14 has gained attention as a potential target for inhibitor design.

Conclusions:

• PARP14 is a versatile enzyme with implications in infectious diseases, oncology, and inflammatory conditions.
• Continued research into PARP14's functions and inhibitor development is crucial.
• This review serves as an update to guide the development of selective PARP14-targeting therapeutics.