Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

Induction and Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Sleeping Beauty Transposon-Transfected Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells
10:00

Induction and Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Sleeping Beauty Transposon-Transfected Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Published on: December 11, 2020

2.8K

Tocopherol Moderately Induces the Expressions of Some Human Sulfotransferases, which are Activated by Oxidative

Sangita MaitiDutta1, Guangping Chen2, Smarajit Maiti3,4

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, West Bengal, India.

Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
|September 8, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Vitamin E moderately influences sulfotransferase (SULT) expression, with tocopherol showing more induction than tocotrienol. Oxidative stress, however, activates SULT activities and expressions in both rats and humans.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology and Toxicology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, from environmental factors and daily life, impairs drug-metabolizing enzyme activities, specifically sulfotransferases (SULTs).
  • Vitamin E (tocopherol and tocotrienol) is widely consumed for cellular protection against oxidative stress and aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of different forms of Vitamin E (tocopherol and tocotrienol) on sulfotransferase (SULT) expression and activity.
  • To examine the effects of oxidative and reductive conditions on SULT activities in relevant biological tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Human HepG2 cells were treated with varying concentrations of Vitamin E isomers (tocopherol and tocotrienol).
  • Sulfotransferase expression was analyzed using Western blotting.
  • SULT activities were measured in rat liver and human intestinal tissues under oxidant (GSSG) and reductant (GSH, DTT) conditions.

Main Results:

  • Tocopherol isomers demonstrated a more significant induction of monoamine-SULT (MPST) and Dehydroepiandrosterone-SULT (DHEAST) compared to tocotrienol isomers.
  • Vitamin E moderately induced the nuclear factor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR).
  • Oxidative stress was found to activate both rat and human SULT activities and expressions.

Conclusions:

  • Vitamin E exhibits a moderate influence on SULT expression, with tocopherol being a more potent inducer than tocotrienol.
  • The long-term effects of tocopherol consumption on SULT induction warrant further consideration.
  • Oxidative stress plays a role in activating SULTs, necessitating additional research into these mechanisms.
Keywords:
Human sulfotransferasesOxidative stressSULT inductionTocopherol and tocotrienolWestern blot

More Related Videos

Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation07:16

Resin-Assisted Capture Coupled with Isobaric Tandem Mass Tag Labeling for Multiplexed Quantification of Protein Thiol Oxidation

Published on: June 21, 2021

2.0K
Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans10:36

Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans

Published on: May 21, 2020

14.7K

Related Concept Videos

Sulfur Assimilation01:20

Sulfur Assimilation

Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
222
Phase II Reactions: Glutathione Conjugation and Mercapturic Acid Formation01:22

Phase II Reactions: Glutathione Conjugation and Mercapturic Acid Formation

Glutathione, a tripeptide made up of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine, is a critical player in the detoxification of drugs and xenobiotics via a process known as glutathione conjugation or mercapturic acid formation. This phase II biotransformation reaction involves the covalent binding of glutathione to a drug or its metabolite, enhancing the compound's water solubility and enabling its excretion.
Several distinctive characteristics distinguish glutathione conjugation from other phase II...
632
Phase II Reactions: Sulfation and Conjugation with α-Amino Acids01:19

Phase II Reactions: Sulfation and Conjugation with α-Amino Acids

Sulfation and α-amino acid conjugation are two critical biotransformation reactions in drug metabolism. Sulfation, a phase II biotransformation reaction, involves adding a polar sulfate group to a drug, enhancing its water solubility and promoting excretion. This process can either co-occur with or occur independently of glucuronidation. Nonmicrosomal sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the process. The reaction involves 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate or PAPS coenzyme...
744
Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
7.2K
Phase II Reactions: Miscellaneous Conjugation Reactions01:19

Phase II Reactions: Miscellaneous Conjugation Reactions

Phase II biotransformations are detoxification mechanisms that conjugate xenobiotics with endogenous substances, neutralizing their toxicity.
A key example involves the conjugation of cyanide ions, which impair cellular respiration and alter hemoglobin into non-oxygen-carrying cyanmethemoglobin. To neutralize this threat, a sulfur atom from thiosulphate is transferred to the cyanide ion, catalyzed by the enzyme rhodanese, resulting in an inactive compound called thiocyanate. The production of...
253
Drug Metabolism: Phase II Reactions01:14

Drug Metabolism: Phase II Reactions

Phase II reactions are essential for the detoxification and elimination of drugs from the body. These reactions involve the conjugation of parent drugs or their phase I metabolites with endogenous molecules, resulting in more hydrophilic drug conjugates. The primary conjugation reactions in this phase are sulfation and glucuronidation. Both sulfation and glucuronidation typically produce biologically inactive metabolites. However, in some cases involving prodrugs, active metabolites may be...
4.7K