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Long non-coding RNA-polycomb intimate rendezvous.

Andrea Cerase1, Gian Gaetano Tartaglia2,3,4,5,6

  • 1Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.

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|September 8, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polycomb-repressive complexes (PRC1/2) interact with long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) like HOTAIR and Xist. While some interactions may be spurious, they are crucial for cellular functions and nuclear organization.

Keywords:
HOTAIR RNARNA secondary structureRNA–protein interactionXist RNAlong non-coding RNAs (lncRNA)phase separationpolycomb-repressive complexes 1/2 (PRC1/2)

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Polycomb-repressive complexes (PRC1/2) are key epigenetic regulators.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), including Xist and HOTAIR, are implicated in gene regulation.
  • The precise interaction mechanisms between PRC1/2 and lncRNAs are debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of PRC1/2 and lncRNA interactions.
  • To discuss models of lncRNA-mediated PRC1/2 recruitment.
  • To explore the role of these interactions in nuclear organization.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature, including cross-linking, immunoprecipitation, and super-resolution microscopy studies.
  • Analysis of recent data on functional associations between PRC1/2 and RNA.
  • Discussion of theoretical models for lncRNA-PRC1/2 interactions.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports functional association of PRC1/2 with RNA, though some interactions may be spurious.
  • HOTAIR may directly recruit PRC1/2, while Xist might recruit them indirectly via liquid-liquid phase separation.
  • lncRNA-mediated recruitment plays roles in targeting PRC1/2 and organizing the nucleus.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNA-PRC1/2 interactions, direct or indirect, are functionally significant for cellular activities.
  • Liquid-liquid phase separation may mediate Xist's interaction with PRC1/2.
  • These interactions contribute to the 3D nuclear organization and epigenetic regulation.