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Related Concept Videos

Anatomy of the Intestines01:23

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Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
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The gastrointestinal tract, responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients, is safeguarded by the intestinal barrier, which consists of secretory, physical, and immune components. At the forefront is the secretory barrier, composed of essential elements such as mucus, gut microbiota, and defense proteins. They collaborate to break down food particles, facilitate nutrient absorption, and maintain optimal gut health. These secretory components ensure the smooth functioning of the...
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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 9, 2025

An Intravital Microscopy-Based Approach to Assess Intestinal Permeability and Epithelial Cell Shedding Performance
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Gut Microbiota and Intestinal Trans-Epithelial Permeability.

Bénédicte Allam-Ndoul1,2, Sophie Castonguay-Paradis1,2,3, Alain Veilleux1,2,3

  • 1Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|September 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Maintaining intestinal barrier function is crucial for health. This review explores how gut bacteria-epithelial cell interactions, particularly through tight junctions, impact permeability and disease, highlighting organoids as a key research model.

Keywords:
colongut microbiotaintestinal epithelial organoidssmall intestinetight junctiontrans-epithelial permeability

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Microbiology
  • Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Intestinal barrier integrity, regulated by tight junctions, prevents systemic diffusion of molecules and bacteria.
  • Gut dysbiosis and barrier dysfunction are linked to diseases like obesity, type 2 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease.
  • The molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions influencing epithelial permeability are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular basis of intestinal barrier function and gut bacteria-epithelial cell interactions.
  • To investigate the role of tight junctions in regulating epithelial permeability.
  • To highlight the utility of intestinal organoids as a model for studying these interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on molecular aspects of intestinal barrier function.
  • Analysis of studies investigating gut microbiota-epithelial cell interactions.
  • Discussion of intestinal organoid technology as a research model.

Main Results:

  • Constant remodeling of tight junctions is essential for regulating trans-epithelial permeability.
  • Gut bacteria-epithelial cell interactions are hypothesized to be key regulators of epithelial permeability via tight junction modulation.
  • Intestinal organoids offer a physiologically relevant in vitro model.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding gut bacteria-epithelial cell interactions is vital for deciphering intestinal barrier regulation.
  • Intestinal organoids represent a powerful tool for advancing research in gut microbiota-host interactions and epithelial barrier function.
  • Further research using organoid models can elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying gut health and disease.